North America
Our principal North American businesses are located in the US and Canada. Operations in the US are primarily conducted through HSBC Bank USA, N.A., and HSBC Finance, a national consumer finance company. HSBC Markets (USA) Inc. is the intermediate holding company of, inter alia, HSBC Securities (USA) Inc. Canadian operations are conducted through HSBC Bank Canada. |
|
|
2014 |
|
2013 |
|
2012 |
|
|
US$m |
|
US$m |
|
US$m |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net interest income |
|
5,015 |
|
5,742 |
|
8,117 |
Net fee income |
|
1,940 |
|
2,143 |
|
2,513 |
Net trading income |
|
411 |
|
948 |
|
507 |
Gains on disposals of US branch network and
cards business |
|
- |
|
- |
|
4,012 |
Other income/(expense) |
|
786 |
|
(30) |
|
(456) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating income4 |
|
8,152 |
|
8,803 |
|
14,693 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LICs43 |
|
(322) |
|
(1,197) |
|
(3,457) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating income |
|
7,830 |
|
7,606 |
|
11,236 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
(6,429) |
|
(6,416) |
|
(8,940) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating profit |
|
1,401 |
|
1,190 |
|
2,296 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from associates44 |
|
16 |
|
31 |
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Profit before tax |
|
1,417 |
|
1,221 |
|
2,299 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost efficiency ratio |
|
78.9% |
|
72.9% |
|
60.8% |
RoRWA36 |
|
0.6% |
|
0.5% |
|
0.8% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year-end staff numbers |
|
20,412 |
|
20,871 |
|
22,443 |
Best Export Finance Arranger in
North America
(Trade Finance Awards for Excellence - 2014) |
11%
increase in
CMB customer lending balances
on a reported basis |
73%
decrease in
loan impairment charges
on a reported basis |
For footnotes, see page 109. |
Economic background
In the US, real GDP rose by 2.4% in 2014, after 2.2% growth in 2013. Both consumer spending and business fixed investment increased at a moderate pace in 2014, climbing 2.5% and 5.2%, respectively. Growth in residential investment slowed markedly, however, to 1.8% in 2014, from 11.9% in 2013. Government expenditure fell by 0.2% in 2014, as a decline in federal government spending more than offset an increase in state and local government expenditure. The unemployment rate fell from 6.7% at the end of 2013 to 5.6% at the end of 2014. CPI inflation averaged 1.6% in 2014, after averaging 1.5% in 2013. The Federal Reserve continued to pursue a highly accommodative monetary policy in 2014, keeping the federal funds rate in a 0.00% to 0.25% range. It gradually reduced its monthly purchases of longer-term Treasury securities and agency mortgage-backed securities during the first ten months of the year, bringing its asset purchase programme to a conclusion at the end of October.
Canadian real GDP grew at a 2.4% annual rate through the first three quarters of 2014, an improvement on the 1.8% increase observed during the comparable period in 2013. Exports were supported by US economic growth and rising oil production. Business investment was largely unchanged in 2014. The annual rate of CPI inflation rose to a peak of 2.4% in late 2013 and early 2014. However, as the oil price fell late in the year, fuel prices declined and the annual rate of inflation dropped to 1.5% in December, below the Bank of Canada's 2% inflation target. Monetary policy remained accommodative with the Bank of Canada keeping its policy rate at 1% throughout 2014, where it has been since September 2010.
Financial overview
Profit before tax (US$m)
Our operations in North America reported a profit before tax of US$1.4bn in 2014 compared with US$1.2bn in 2013. The increase of US$196m primarily reflected lower LICs, mainly in the US CML portfolio. This was partly offset by lower revenue, primarily reflecting continued CML run-off and a reduction in GB&M in the US. Costs were broadly unchanged as portfolio run-off broadly offset a US$550m charge in relation to a settlement with the Federal Housing Finance Authority.
See page 42 for further details of significant items.
Adjusted profit before tax was US$63m higher , reflecting a reduction in LICs and operating expenses, partially offset by a decrease in revenue.
Country business highlights
In the US, CMB added US$4.0bn in 2014 to its SME fund which supports businesses that trade or aspire to trade internationally, raising the programme's total available funding to US$5.0bn. Of this, US$3.7bn was utilised at 31 December 2014. Corporate lending balances rose as we continued to be successful in our markets targeted for expansion, with balances in both the Midwest and the West Coast increasing by more than 25% year on year.
In RBWM, we continued to optimise the mortgage origination process to improve the customer experience and expanded our digital channel capabilities. The re-launch of our Global Premier programme along with other related campaigns led to approximately 22,000 new Premier customers being added in 2014, an increase of 25%.
Despite lower revenue in GB&M, we continued to execute our growth strategy utilising GB&M's unique client franchise, its geographical network and product capabilities to connect our markets. In addition collaboration with CMB resulted in revenue from its clients rising by 19%.
In Canada, CMB continued to focus on the acquisition of new clients, to whom advances reached over US$1.3bn. We created a dedicated International Subsidiary Banking team to manage and support our international clients on a consistent basis. GB&M focused on increasing its multinational client base, and the Project and Export Finance business continued to reflect growth. Our focus in RBWM continued to be on developing the Premier customer base, building mortgage, credit card, and deposit balances and growing assets under management.
We continued to make progress in our strategy to accelerate the run-off and sale of our US CML portfolio. We completed the sale of several tranches of real estate secured accounts with an aggregate unpaid principal balance of US$2.9bn during 2014 and recognised a cumulative gain on sale of US$168m. Gross lending balances in the CML portfolio, including loans held for sale, were US$25bn at 31 December 2014, a decline of US$5.8bn from 2013.
Review of adjusted performance45
Revenue (US$m)
Revenue fell in the US in RBWM, partly reflecting continued CML run-off, and in GB&M. Revenue also reduced in Canada, mainly reflecting the continued run-off of the Consumer Finance business.
Country view of adjusted revenue
|
|
2014 |
|
2013 |
|
|
US$m |
|
US$m |
|
|
|
|
|
US |
|
6,083 |
|
7,071 |
Canada |
|
1,921 |
|
1,975 |
Other |
|
264 |
|
293 |
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended 31 December |
|
8,268 |
|
9,339 |
In the US, revenue decreased by US$988m, mainly in RBWM where lower average lending balances driven by the continued run-off and loan sales of the CML portfolio led to lower net interest income. In addition, loan yields fell, partly reflecting the sale of our higher yielding CML non-real estate personal loan portfolio, which resulted in a significant shift in product mix towards increased levels of lower yielding first lien real estate loans. Revenue also declined due to lower deposit volumes and narrower deposit spreads. The fall in revenue was partly offset by releases of mortgage loan repurchase obligations related to loans previously sold, which compared with provisions in 2013.
Revenue decreased in GB&M, driven by a reduction in Balance Sheet Management income due to lower reported gains on sales of available-for-sale debt securities as a result of our ongoing portfolio repositioning for risk management purposes, and the adverse performance of economic hedges used to manage interest rate risk. Credit revenue also reduced, primarily in our legacy credit portfolio partly reflecting net adverse fair value movements on the portfolio.
By contrast, revenue increased in CMB, mainly reflecting increased lending balances in markets targeted for expansion and higher income in GB&M from increased collaboration in acquisition financing activity.
In Canada, revenue decreased by US$54m, mainly in RBWM reflecting a fall in net interest income due to lower average lending balances from the continued run-off of the Consumer Finance business. Excluding this, RBWM revenues rose, driven by higher fees partly reflecting increased sales of wealth management products. In CMB, revenues also increased, largely because of the non-recurrence of a reduction in the fair value of an investment property held for sale and recognised in 2013. By contrast, GB&M revenue decreased, reflecting lower trading income from foreign exchange and a reduction in reported gains on sales of available-for-sale debt securities.
LICs fell, mainly in the CML portfolio reflecting reduced levels of delinquency, new impaired loans and lower lending balances from the continued run-off and loan sales. This was partly offset by less favourable market value adjustments to underlying property prices because improvements in housing market conditions were less pronounced in 2014 than in 2013. LICs also fell in Principal RBWM, mainly reflecting lower levels of delinquency, and in Canada in CMB from lower individually and collectively assessed impairment charges.
Operating expenses (US$m)
Operating expenses decreased by US$285m, primarily in the US, reflecting lower divestiture costs as our former Cards business reached the end of the data separation process, and lower average staff numbers and costs resulting from the continued run-off and sales of tranches of our CML portfolio. In addition, we also achieved over US$185m of sustainable cost savings, primarily reflecting organisational effectiveness initiatives. Partly offsetting the lower operating expenses were higher legal costs and the growth in costs associated with Regulatory Programmes and Compliance, reflecting our continued investment in Global Standards.
