Putnam Investments Limited, a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC, holds 3,078,645 (1.24%) ordinary shares on behalf of institutional client accounts that it manages. Putnam Investments Management, LLC, a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC, holds 8,941,419 (3.59%) ordinary shares in various Putnam retail mutual funds which it manages. The Putnam Advisory Company, LLC, a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Putnam Investments, LLC, holds 430,096 (0.17%) ordinary shares on behalf of institutional client accounts that it manages. |