Dougou Extension Solution Mining Scoping Study

To achieve a 30% extraction ratio, the solution mining cavern density is designed at approximately 15 solution caverns per square kilometre.

The solution mining operation requires 16 dual-well caverns to achieve design capacity, for a total of 32 vertical wells. Therefore, initially 32 well pads will be constructed, along with associated access. Once the planned drilling is complete at each well, a wellhead will be established consisting of piping, valving, and instrumentation to properly control each well.

The wellheads will be connected into the wellfield pipeline system, which will run from the wellfield to the process plant. A series of pipes is used to carry brine, water, and blanket fluid to each wellhead. The wellfield pipeline loops back to the process plant, where mine brine is introduced to the plant for KCl extraction, and then recirculated back to the wellfield for reuse. All wellfield pumps are located near the wellfield, and all instrumentation from the wellfield will be fed back to the plant control system.

The make-up water for the process plant is planned to be sourced from boreholes to be drilled into the upper aquifer.

During the development of the sumps, the brine contains primarily NaCl. A portion of this brine is used as process brine for mining of the caverns. The remainder will be disposed of through a disposal well into a local saline aquifer.

Although no specific testing has been carried out to verify the expected solution mining production for the Dougou Extension resource, K2P believes it has a reasonable basis for believing that the production target of 400,000 tpa can be achieved with the selected method, for the following reasons:

·     Innovare as potash solution mining experts have assessed and recommended the proposed mining method based on their combined years of experience including experience with the application of this method in similar styles of potash deposits.

·     The assumed rate of dissolution was selected by Innovare based on past operational experience, and dissolution testing in other sylvinite projects. The rate of dissolution is one factor determining the number of caverns required to achieve the targeted production rate. The number of caverns required will be further investigated during feasibility studies and following dissolution test work.

7.    Processing

Plant and Flowsheet: The process plant will be located east of the Dougou Extension resource, (Figure 4) with a minimum buffer distance of 500m. The site perimetre fencing will be 400m x 250m, and the process plant platform will be 230m x 150m. The process plant building is 20m wide x 160m long, and 36m high. The process plant building will house all processing equipment, along with associated electrical and instrumentation. The control room will be located in the process plant building. The building will have no exterior walls, and a simple roof will be installed to keep rain off the personnel and equipment.

 

Figure 4: Plant Location in Relation to Wellfield

(image available at www.korepotash.com)

 

The process design shown in Figure 5 below consists of the following industry standard process steps:

·     Injection and solution recovery: Return brine from processing will be heated to 100°C and pumped to the wellfield for re-injection into the mine caverns for dissolution and recovery of potassium chloride (KCl) from the underground Sylvinite ore deposit containing both KCl and sodium chloride (NaCl) minerals. The KCl mineral will be selectively dissolved from the ore due to the almost saturated NaCl and under saturated KCl in the return brine.

·     Cooling and crystallisation: From the crystalliser feed tank, the brine will be pumped to the vacuum crystalliser for pre-cooling to approximately 47°C and then pumped to the surface crystallizers. In the four-stage surface cooled crystallisers, the mother liquor will be cooled to an end point of 10°C resulting in KCl solids precipitation. Spent brine from the 4th stage crystallizer will be pumped to the concentrate tank for return to the wellfield.

·     KCl de-brining: Slurry containing KCl solids from the surface crystallizers will be pumped to the drum filter. A liquid ring vacuum pump will pull through the filter cake to promote water removal from the filter cake.

·     KCl drying: A rotary drum dryer will be used to dry most of the residual moisture from the potash product.

·     Compaction: Dried product will be conveyed to a twin-screw feeder for feed to a double-roll compactor where it will be compacted. The flakes exiting the compactor will be broken by a flake breaker followed by a cage mill for further size reduction. Granular product will be sent for post-processing, while oversize and undersize material will be recirculated through compaction. Post-processing for product includes drying, cooling and glazing to harden the granular material.

·     Product Load Out: Anti-caking agent and de-dusting oil will be added to the final cooled granular potash product.

 

Figure 5: Process Flow Diagram

(image available at www.korepotash.com)

 

The long, narrow plant design, (Figure 6) makes it possible to position the mechanical equipment more densely than usual plant designs. Maintenance access is convenient from both sides of the building, so no service aisles will be included in the building interior. All removal of equipment will either be through the sides, or through the roof of the building. Elevated grated floors will be constructed for personnel access to all equipment, and several maintenance access lanes will be created for removal of some large components.

A covered loadout area 20m x 24m x 20m high will be located at the end of the process plant, where trailers will be directly loaded with product. A 50m x 50m x 28m high Utilities Building will be positioned adjacent to the process plant, housing the boiler, power infrastructure, and other utilities. The maintenance and warehouse facility will be 24m x 40m x 28m high, and also close to the process plant. The Administration Building will contain the security area, office space, and lab facilities for the operation.

Although no specific testing has been carried out to verify the expected process plant production for the Dougou Extension resource, K2P believes it has a reasonable basis for a production target of 400,000 tpa to be achieved with this method for the following reasons:

·     During the Scoping Study, a potash process technology specialist, Whiting Equipment Canada, provided the Swenson process design, equipment list and estimated equipment costs relating to the crystallization process. The same Swenson process technology is successfully used at other global potash operations over a large range of plant capacities.

·     The proposed methods are commonly used in potash solution mining operations, including large scale production facilities.  Although these methods can be more energy-intensive than the conventional flotation methods commonly used in conjunction with conventional underground mining, they are known to typically yield higher KCl recovery and higher recovered KCl grade. 

·     It is possible that pockets of carnalite within the sylvinite may be encountered during mining that will input MgCl₂ into the brine. The risk of this occurring including its effect on KCl recovery has been considered in the Scoping Study. Mg content in brine is planned to be managed by bleeding out brine from the process stream without material impact on plant performance.

 

Figure 6: Process Plant Layout

(image available at www.korepotash.com)

 

8.    Infrastructure

This Scoping Study included investigation of the options available for location and methodology of the various infrastructure requirements, including:

·     Method of Natural Gas Supply

·     Process Plant location

·     Method of MoP ground transport and storage

·     Method of ship loading

·     Location of marine infrastructure

·     Road requirements

Based on the trade-off analysis, a combination of new and re-habilitated roads will be used for the hauling of gas (Figure 7) and product (Figure 8).  

 

Figure 7: Gas Transport Route

(image available at www.korepotash.com)

Figure 8: Product Transport Route

(image available at www.korepotash.com)

 

Upgrading of sections existing roadway to improve access to site for a product transport route has been planned. Road maintenance equipment has been included in the capital cost estimate to allow maintenance of roadways to be done by Kore. A marine trestle to facilitate trans-shipment of product will be used to load ships off the economic development zone near Pointe Indienne, utilising trucks to transport (Figure 8) product from site to a storage facility at the economic development zone.

9.    Water, Gas and Power Supply

All process water requirements for processing and mining will be supplied from new water wells. Pump testing of aquifers was carried out at both the process plant and mine site in the Kola Definitive Feasibility Study and these indicated capacity in the aquifers to supply water at the required rate.

Gas will be trucked in using pressurised gas transport trailers. Power will be supplied from the CEC power station at Pointe Noire via an overhead power line.

10.  Social and Environmental

The existing ESIA for the Dougou license area was approved in 2016. The company believes that a revised ESIA incorporating the Dougou Extension requirements for the sylvinite process plant and solution mine wellfield will be required.

The revised ESIA will utilise existing baseline documentation of both the Dougou ESIA and the Kola ESIA completed in 2018. The existing baseline information on the Dougou Extension area is believed to be adequate for the revised ESIA to be prepared and submitted for approval within 12 months.

A Decree D'Utilité Publique (DUP) and a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) will be required to be developed for Longo-Bondi and possibly Youngou villages. It is unlikely that physical resettlement of any people from these villages will be required.

The mining licence for Dougou was approved on 9^th May 2017 and is valid for 25 years, with an option to extend it by 15 years at that point.  This mining licence covers the DX project area.

11.  Operating Costs

The operating cost forecast for the Project (Table 5) has been estimated to an accuracy of approximately -15% +30%.

Table 5: Dougou Extension Project Operating Cost Estimates (CFR Africa)

Cost Category (real 2019)		Total unit Cost
		(US$/t)
Opex
Solution mining and wellfield		5.25
Process Plant		53.79
Maintenance		4.04
Offsite		13.57
Land Transport		3.89
General and Admin		2.21
FOB		82.74
Marine Transport		25.00
Total Operating cost (CFR Africa)		107.74

 

The Scoping Study confirms that the operating cost of DX is highly competitive. The mine gate operating cost is estimated at US$78.85/t and the export (FOB) cost is estimated at US$82.74/t. This ranks DX costs in the lowest quartile of producers when compared to existing producers and 'committed' projects.  The forecast CFR operating cost of $107.74 is based on shipping to African destinations. The operating cost estimates excludes sustaining capital.

12.  Capital Costs

A capital cost estimate was factored from recent Innovare Technologies in-house data escalated to 2019, with an accuracy of -15% +30%.

The summary of the capital cost estimate (CAPEX) is shown in Table 6.

Table 6: Capital Cost estimate (real 2019)

Description	Initial Capex (kUSD)	Deferred Capex (kUSD)	LoM Capex
			(kUSD)
Solution mining and wellfield	53,963	10,884	64,847
Process Plant	122,404	18,870	141,274
Offsite infrastructure	35,649	6,196	41,844
Sub-total Direct Costs	212,016	35,950	247,966
Field Construction Indirect	11,914	-	11,914
Other Indirect Costs	8,051	-	8,051
Owner's Costs	8,481	-	8,481
EPCM	22,677	-	22,677
Contingency	58,421	-	58,421
Escalation	5,164	-	5,164
Total Capital Costs	326,724	35,950	362,674

 

The pre-production capital cost of US$326 million equates to a pre-production capital intensity of US$815/t MoP annual capacity.

Sustaining capital of US$153 million over the 17 years life of mine, and deferred capital of US$36 million relating to road construction, transport equipment and drill equipment, have also been allowed.

13.  Financial Analysis

The base case economic evaluation delivers a real post-tax, ungeared IRR of approximately 19.3% and NPV_10(real) of approximately US$221M on an attributable basis. The evaluation is based on a granular MoP price of US$360/t MoP CFR Africa (real 2019).

The key assumptions underpinning the base case economic evaluation are as follows:

·     17-year initial project life from first production based on depletion of the sylvinite;

·     Approximately 400 ktpa average production of MoP;

·     Granular MoP represents 100% of total MoP production and sales;

·     All cashflows (Figure 9) are on a real 2019 basis;

NPVs are ungeared and calculated after-tax applying a real discount rate of 10% (based on a review of 7 recent potash projects, 4 of which were in Africa).

 

Figure 9: Estimated Annual Cash Flow over life of project (real 2019) 

(image available at www.korepotash.com)

 

Table 7: NPV 10 real Sensitivities

		NPV 10 (real) USDm
Sensitivity Range		-10%	-5%	0%	5%	10%
Price		134	177	221	264	308
Sensitivity Range		-30%	-15%	0%	15%	30%
Opex		300	261	221	181	141
Initial Capex		312	266	221	175	130
Sustaining Capex		237	229	221	213	205
Sensitivity Range (months)		-6	-3	24 (base)	+3	+6
Construction period		335	274	221	205	192

 

Table 8: Real IRR Sensitivities

		IRR (%)
Sensitivity Range		-10%	-5%	0%	5%	10%
Price		15.8%	17.6%	19.3%	21.0%	22.7%
Sensitivity Range		-30%	-15%	0%	15%	30%
Opex		22.4%	20.9%	19.3%	17.7%	16.1%
Initial Capex		27.5%	22.8%	19.3%	16.6%	14.4%
Sustaining Capex		19.9%	19.6%	19.3%	19.0%	18.7%
Sensitivity Range (months)		-6	-3	24 (base)	+3	+6
Construction period		29.4%	23.2%	19.3%	18.2%	17.4%

Further analysis to determine effect of gearing was done and is reflected in Table 9.

Table 9: Impact of Gearing Options on Financial Indicators

Gearing	0%	40%	50%	60%
NPV 10 real	221	225	227	228
IRR (Real)	19.3%	22.1%	23.1%	24.4%

 

14.  Product Marketing

MoP produced from the Project is planned to be marketed into Africa to feed expected demand growth and displace higher cost MoP. The key targeted destination countries and their current demand for granular MoP are:

·     South Africa 100,000 ktpa (100 GrMOP)

·     Nigeria 400,000 ktpa (GrMOP/Blenders)

·     Other West Africa 200,000 ktpa (GrMOP/ Blenders)

Note: Nigerian demand has been based on estimated demand supplied by our marketing consultant, WABCO.

15.  Development Schedule

The development schedule has been based on an EPCM execution strategy with an overall execution schedule (Figure 10) of approximately 2 years from final investment decision.

 

Figure 10: Proposed Execution Schedule

(image available at www.korepotash.com)

 

16.  Reasonable Basis for Funding Assumption

The Directors of Kore Potash have formed the view that there is a reasonable basis to believe that requisite future debt and equity funding for development of the DX Project will be available when required. Kore shareholders should be aware of the risk that future funding for development of the DX Project may dilute their ownership of the Company or Kore's economic interest in the Project (or the DX Project).

There are several grounds on which this reasonable basis is held:

·     Kore Potash has two large strategic shareholders:

·     SQM (18%): a Chilean company with a market capitalisation in excess of US$11B that is an integrated producer and distributor of specialty plant nutrients, including having an established business in the global potash market; and

·     SGRF (19%): the sovereign wealth fund of Oman, which holds a range of natural resource investments, including on the African continent.

·     These two groups invested a total of US$40 million into Kore Potash in late 2016. They collectively bring a considerable and highly relevant combination of substantial financial capacity, specific potash experience, Latin American, Middle Eastern and African operating experience, and financing expertise.

·     The Scoping Study has been completed by a team of world-class solution mining experts in Innovare Technologies. The Scoping Study meets the expected level of detail required for a Scoping Study.

·     The technical and financial parametres detailed in the Scoping Study are highly robust and economically attractive. Further improvements will be investigated in the pre-feasibility study phase of project.

·     The funding for the construction of the Project would be required in approximately 2021 after completion of a further drilling and seismic investigation, and pre-feasibility and feasibility studies. The consensus around price forecasts for MoP in 2023 supports the use of a MoP granular price of US$360/t MoP granular CFR.

·     Kore's options for raising the required funding may include selling down part of its interest in the Dougou Extension Solution Mining Project to a third party to form a joint venture. Introduction of a joint venture partner may also provide further comfort for potential debt project financiers and could reduce Kore's share of the equity funding requirements for the project. Kore shareholders should be aware that any sale of a joint venture interest in the project to a third party would most likely dilute Kore's economic ownership of the project.

·     The Kore Potash Board and management team is highly experienced in the broader resources industry. They have played leading roles previously in the exploration and development of several large and diverse mining projects in Africa. In this regard, key Kore personnel have a demonstrated track record of success in identifying, acquiring, defining, funding, developing and operating quality mineral assets of significant scale.

17.  Key Risks and Opportunities

Some key risks in the Scoping Study, which will be areas of focus in the pre-feasibility study, are:

·     Geology: Resource may contain lower KCl quantity or grade than expected or higher than expected presence of carnallite. An additional drilling campaign and a 2D seismic investigation to improve confidence in the resource and better define sylvinite/carnallitite interfaces will be required in pre-feasibility study.

·     Geotechnical: Cavern stability and surface subsidence will require geo-technical modelling in pre-feasibility study.

·     Mining: The mine design in the Scoping Study was based on assumptions around normal dissolution rates applicable to the potash industry for selective dissolution and these will require test work to confirm the assumptions in the pre-feasibility study.

·     Execution: The current execution schedule is a Level 1 schedule and will need to be further detailed in pre-feasibility study to ensure impacts and long lead items are detailed in the next level of schedule.

18.  Next Steps

Work on the optimisation of Kola continues with the French Consortium and the company expects to update shareholders further within the next 2 months.

Kore also intends to progress work to define the technical and commercial feasibility of solution mining of the DX deposit.

The next planned phases of work on the DX project which are expected to take place over a 9-month duration from commencement include:

·     A 2-dimensional seismic survey campaign primarily designed to improve delineation of the sylvinite /carnallitite interface within the two seams.

·     A diamond drill hole programme to drill 4 holes to improve overall understanding of the Deposit.

·     Studies required to achieve pre-feasibility level assessment of:

·     Marine loading and transport options.

·     Cavern formation.

·     Test work to improve understanding on the operational control of dissolution in the DX seams.

Work is underway to prepare for commencement of the seismic surveys and drilling which will account for the bulk of the spend in the planned work programme. The Company intends to commence these works as soon as possible.

The Company believes that successful completion of these work streams will provide sufficient basis for a pre-feasibility level assessment of DX solution mining.

 

- ENDS -

Brad Sampson	Jos Simson / Edward Lee	Martin Davison / James Asensio
Chief Executive Officer	Tavistock (UK media enquiries)	Canaccord Genuity (Nomad & Broker)
Tel: +27 11 469 9144	Tel: +44 (0) 207 920 3150	Tel: +44 (0) 207 523 4600
[email protected]	[email protected]	[email protected]

www.korepotash.com

 

Appendix A: Competent Persons Statement

The information relating to Exploration Results and Mineral Resources in this report is based on, or extracted from previous reports referred to herein, and available to view on the Company's website www.korepotash.com. The Dougou Extension sylvinite Mineral Resource Estimate was reported on 20 August 2018 in an announcement titled 'Maiden Sylvinite Mineral Resource at Dougou Extension'. Kore Potash confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that would materially affect the information included in that announcement and that all material assumptions and technical parametres underpinning the Mineral Resource estimates in that announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Person's findings are presented in this report have not been materially modified from the original market announcement.

Innovare Technologies, John Mc Ewan, Sandy Debusschere, and Max Ramey are not associates or affiliates of Kore Potash or any of its affiliates. Innovare Technologies will receive a fee for the preparation of the Report in accordance with normal professional consulting practices. This fee is not contingent on the conclusions of the Report and Innovare Technologies, John McEwan, Sandy Debusschere, and Max Ramey will receive no other benefit for the preparation of the Report. John McEwan, Sandy Debusschere, and Max Ramey do not have any pecuniary or other interests that could reasonably be regarded as capable of affecting their ability to provide an unbiased opinion in relation to the Dougou Extension Potash Project. Innovare Technologies does not have, at the date of the Report, and has not had within the previous years, any shareholding in or other relationship with Kore Potash or the Dougou Extension Potash Project and consequently considers itself to be independent of Kore Potash.

Max Ramey is a registered member in good standing (Member # 2632850RM) of Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration (SME) which is recognised and accepted under the JORC Code. John McEwan is a senior member in good standing (Member # 900062459) of American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE). John McEwan and Max Ramey both have sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the JORC Code. Sandy Debusschere has over 40 years of drilling experience. John McEwan, Sandy Debusschere, and Max Ramey consent to the inclusion in the Report of the matters based on their information in the form and context in which it appears.

Appendix B: Material Assumptions

No Ore Reserve has been declared. This combined AIM/JSE/ASX release has been prepared in compliance with the current JORC Code (2012) and the ASX Listing Rules. All material assumptions, including consideration of the "modifying factors" under the JORC Code, on which the Scoping Study production target estimates and forecast financial information are based have been included in this release and are disclosed in the table below.

Criteria	JORC Code explanation	Commentary
Mineral Resource estimate for conversion to Ore Reserves	·      Description of the Mineral Resource estimate used as a basis for the conversion to an Ore Reserve. ·      Clear statement as to whether the Mineral Resources are reported additional to, or inclusive of, the Ore Reserves.	·      The production target is based entirely on Indicated Mineral Resource of 52.5 Mt with an average grade of 43.1% KCl, hosted by two seams. This is a portion of the total Indicated Mineral Resource first announced on 20 August 2018. Appendix 1 of that announcement provides the Table 1 checklist as required by the JORC Code (2012 edition). ·      No Ore Reserve has been declared.
Site visits	·      Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those visits. ·      If no site visits have been undertaken indicate why this is the case.	·      The Competent Person for the Mineral Resource Estimate has visited the site on several occasions to observe all exploration procedures and found them to be acceptable.
Study status	·      The type and level of study undertaken to enable Mineral Resources to be converted to Ore Reserves. ·      The Code requires that a study to at least Pre-Feasibility Study level has been undertaken to convert Mineral Resources to Ore Reserves. Such studies will have been carried out and will have determined a mine plan that is technically achievable and economically viable, and that material Modifying Factors have been considered.	·      The study is at scoping level. There has been insufficient work on the modifying factors to support an Ore Reserve Estimate.
Cut-off parametres	·      The basis of the cut-off grade(s) or quality parametres applied.	·      For the Mineral Resource estimate a 15% cut-off-grade (COG) was used. For the production plan this was unchanged. Due to the high grade of the sylvinite and the abrupt contacts, all of the considered material is well above the COG.
Mining factors or assumptions	·      The method and assumptions used as reported in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility Study to convert the Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve (i.e. either by application of appropriate factors by optimisation or by preliminary or detailed design). ·      The choice, nature and appropriateness of the selected mining method(s) and other mining parametres including associated design issues such as pre-strip, access, etc. ·      The assumptions made regarding geotechnical parametres (e.g. pit slopes, stope sizes, etc.), grade control and pre-production drilling. ·      The major assumptions made and Mineral Resource model used for pit and stope optimisation (if appropriate). ·      The mining dilution factors used. ·      The mining recovery factors used. ·      Any minimum mining widths used. ·      The manner in which Inferred Mineral Resources are utilised in mining studies and the sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion. ·      The infrastructure requirements of the selected mining methods.	·      No Ore Reserve has been declared. ·      For the Scoping Study, the planned mining method is solution mining, using 'dual-well' method and 'selective extraction' of the KCl. ·      Dissolution Testing will be performed to assess the dissolution characteristics of the resource by laboratory testing of core samples from the Dougou Extension resource. ·      The following preliminary assessment of modifying factors was made for the production plan: -      Topographic exclusions such as steep slopes and drainages -      'pillars' between caverns -      Losses due to areas of unfavorable geology; areas with basal carnallitite, areas with structures, areas of steep dip and/or undulation of the sylvinite -      The overall extraction ratio of 30% also considers mining recovery losses -      A minimum mining height was not applied as within the area of interest the thickness is expected to be above the minimum. For the Scoping Study, an average of 5.2 m for the TS and 3.6 m for the HWS was used, based on the Mineral Resource e -      estimate.
Metallurgical factors or assumptions	·      The metallurgical process proposed and the appropriateness of that process to the style of mineralisation. ·      Whether the metallurgical process is well-tested technology or novel in nature. ·      The nature, amount and representativeness of metallurgical test work undertaken, the nature of the metallurgical domaining applied and the corresponding metallurgical recovery factors applied. ·      Any assumptions or allowances made for deleterious elements. ·      The existence of any bulk sample or pilot scale test work and the degree to which such samples are considered representative of the orebody as a whole. ·      For minerals that are defined by a specification, has the ore reserve estimation been based on the appropriate mineralogy to meet the specifications?	The selective mining process is expected to yield brine composed primarily of NaCl and KCl in solution, and small amounts of Mg are also possible due to the potential presence of carnallite. The crystallization process is well-established method for separation of KCl and NaCl and is well proven in operations.  The process utilizes the solubility characteristics of KCl: KCl solubility is highly dependent on temperature, where NaCl solubility has little dependency on temperature. Cooling the hot brine from the mine results in KCl crystallization, while NaCl remains in solution. In this process, Mg is considered a deleterious, since Mg is preferentially soluble to both KCl and NaCl.  Therefore, levels of Mg in the brine must be managed to prevent Mg from displacing KCl. ·      Therefore, a Mg purge stream is included in the design to manage the Mg content in the brine. The purge stream is considered waste and disposed using a disposal well. The Mg purge stream maintains the brine at a manageable Mg content but causes a reduction of KCl recovery. Based on work at the nearby Kola deposit and observations of the core from holes at Dougou Extension, within the sylvinite the only potash mineral is sylvite. The gangue minerals comprise halite (NaCl) and minor (<2.5%) anhydrite and insoluble phases (clays, organic material, quartz) none of which are problematic as they will not be dissolved by the brine.
Environmental	·      The status of studies of potential environmental impacts of the mining and processing operation. Details of waste rock characterisation and the consideration of potential sites, status of design options considered and, where applicable, the status of approvals for process residue storage and waste dumps should be reported.	·      An amended ESIA will need to be prepared in the feasibility study that addresses areas that lack some detail from the approved ESIA for Dougou. The baseline information from both the completed Dougou and Kola ESIA's will inform the amended ESIA. No waste rock, process residue or waste dumps will be required. Additional work will be required on the NaCl brine disposal with two options (aquifer and ocean disposal) to be addressed in feasibility phase.
Infrastructure	·      The existence of appropriate infrastructure: availability of land for plant development, power, water, transportation (particularly for bulk commodities), labour, accommodation; or the ease with which the infrastructure can be provided, or accessed.	·      Exclusive land acquisition rights have been granted to the Project company for plant development through ministerial order gazetted on 30 August 2018 (the "Déclaration d'Utilité Publique" or "DUP") valid for three years and renewable once for a two-year period. ·      A infrastructure trade-off has been completed and the findings of this are, gas is available and will need to be transported by road, product transport to marine facility will be via existing roads with an allowance to upgrade some roads included and an allowance to upgrade roads has been made, local contractors would be used for construction, the existing exploration camp can cater for accommodation during construction. ·      Power can be supplied via overhead lines from the power station at Pointe Noire.  ·      Potable and process water will be obtained through boreholes. Results from pump tests on aquifers in the area done on a previous project indicate enough water available in local aquifers.
Costs	·      The derivation of, or assumptions made, regarding projected capital costs in the study. ·      The methodology used to estimate operating costs. ·      Allowances made for the content of deleterious elements. ·      The derivation of assumptions made for metal or commodity price(s), for the principal minerals and co-products. ·      The source of exchange rates used in the study. ·      Derivation of transportation charges. ·      The basis for forecasting or source of treatment and refining charges, penalties for failure to meet specification, etc. ·      The allowances made for royalties payable, both Government and private.	Capital Cost Estimate has been developed for each scope area, expressed in United States dollars (USD) and based on March 2019 prices. Currency Exchange Rates are sourced from Oanda (www.oanda.com) spot rates (September 2017). Forecast exchange rates were based on World Bank. Capital Cost estimate (+/- 15-30%) is based on: o  Mechanical Equipment material costs benchmarked based on Innovare's in-house data. o  Mechanical Labour was applied as a ratio to materials, benchmarked from past projects, and based on Innovare's in-house data. o  Material Costs and Labour for other disciplines were factored at ratios from past benchmarked projects. o  Selected quotations were obtained. An annual escalation of 1.50% applied. Contingency has been set to 22% for the overall Capital cost estimate. Contingency is an amount of costs included to avoid the risk of cost over-run to a pre-determined acceptable level, since it aims to cover for expected risks that may occur. Capital Cost estimates are based on a 24 months' execution schedule,
Revenue factors	·      The derivation of, or assumptions made regarding revenue factors including head grade, metal or commodity price(s) exchange rates, transportation and treatment charges, penalties, net smelter returns, etc. ·      The derivation of assumptions made of metal or commodity price(s), for the principal metals, minerals and co-products.	·      Commodity prices were informed by the recent spot price for MoP granular product, based on a K60 specification, which means the MoP product has a minimum K2O content of 60%, corresponding to a KCl content of 95%.  Product will be sampled regularly on site and tested in a site-based laboratory to ensure product grade is consistently met. Product that does not satisfy grade will be removed from the product stream and reprocessed.
Market assessment	·      The demand, supply and stock situation for the particular commodity, consumption trends and factors likely to affect supply and demand into the future. ·      A customer and competitor analysis along with the identification of likely market windows for the product. ·      Price and volume forecasts and the basis for these forecasts. ·      For industrial minerals the customer specification, testing and acceptance requirements prior to a supply contract.	The entire 400 ktpa of granular MoP will be marketed into Africa, where the market is growing faster than the rest of the world. The targeted countries and their estimated consumptions are: o  South Africa 100,000 ktpa (100 GrMOP) o  Nigeria 400,000 ktpa (GrMOP/Blenders) o  Other West Africa 200,000 ktpa (GrMOP/ Blenders)
Economic	·      The inputs to the economic analysis to produce the net present value (NPV) in the study, the source and confidence of these economic inputs including estimated inflation, discount rate, etc. ·      NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations in the significant assumptions and inputs.	Base case key valuation assumptions and sources: Production - LoM of 17 years at nominal 400 ktpa MoP production, Single product type - Granular Average LoM CFR price of USD360/MoP t On-mine LoM average operating cost US$ 78.85/MoP t, Real (scoping estimate) LoM Shipping (trans-shipment and sea freight) of US$25/MoP t (scoping estimate) and UD$ 3.89 for road-based transport (scoping estimate). Project capital period 24 months, deferred capital period 84 months, sustaining capital 204 months (Scoping Study) Total Real Project Capital USD327 Mn (scoping estimate) Deferred Capital USD36 million (scoping estimate) Sustaining Capital USD 21,59/MoP t, Real (scoping estimate) Fiscal parametres: Company tax rate (15%), tax holidays (5 years at 0% + 5 years at 7.5%) (Mining Convention) Royalties 3% (Mining Convention) Government free carry (10%) (Mining Convention) Other minor duties and taxes (Mining Convention) The base case DFS real NPV at real discount rate of 10% is approximately USD221 million (as at the date just prior to construction in 2019 money terms), and base case real IRR is approximately 19.3%
Social	·      The status of agreements with key stakeholders and matters leading to social license to operate.	The Dougou Mining License, which includes the area of the Dougou Extension Project, is held within a subsidiary which will be owned 10% by the ROC government. Socio-economic, cultural heritage, archaeological and livelihood baseline reports have been prepared and approved as part of the ESIA baseline process. Sintoukola Potash has implemented a Stakeholder Engagement Process and is actively engaging with a wide range of project stakeholders, including conservation NGO's, adjacent National Parks, the regulator and communities. For each corridor a declaration d'utilite publique (DUP) has been declared by the Ministry of Land Affairs, a review of each corridor will be required  A review of the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the Service Corridor will be required Physical displacement is minimal with most actions requiring livelihood restoration There are believed to be no social related issues that do not have a reasonable likelihood of being resolved.
Other	·      To the extent relevant, the impact of the following on the project and/or on the estimation and classification of the Ore Reserves: ·      Any identified material naturally occurring risks. ·      The status of material legal agreements and marketing arrangements. ·      The status of governmental agreements and approvals critical to the viability of the project, such as mineral tenement status, and government and statutory approvals. There must be reasonable grounds to expect that all necessary Government approvals will be received within the timeframes anticipated in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility study. Highlight and discuss the materiality of any unresolved matter that is dependent on a third party on which extraction of the reserve is contingent.	Dougou Extension is currently compliant with all legal and regulatory requirements. An amended ESIA will be required. A mining convention entered into between the RoC government and the Companies on 8 June 2017 and gazetted into law on 29 November 2018 concludes the framework envisaged in the 25-year renewable Dougou Mining License granted in August 2013. The Mining Convention provides certainty and enforceability of the key fiscal arrangements for the development and operation of Dougou Mining Licenses, which amongst other items include import duty and VAT exemptions and agreed tax rates during mine operations. The Mining Convention provides strengthened legal protection of the Company's investments in the Republic of Congo through the settlement of disputes by international arbitration. To the best of the Company's knowledge there is no reason to assume any government permits and licenses or statutory approvals will not be granted. There are no unresolved matters upon which extraction is contingent.
Classification	·      The basis for the classification of the Ore Reserves into varying confidence categories. ·      Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person's view of the deposit. ·      The proportion of Probable Ore Reserves that have been derived from Measured Mineral Resources (if any).	·      No Ore Reserve has been declared.
Audits or reviews	·      The results of any audits or reviews of Ore Reserve estimates.	·      No Ore Reserve has been declared.
Discussion of relative accuracy/ confidence	·      Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the Ore Reserve estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the reserve within stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors which could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate. ·      The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used. ·      Accuracy and confidence discussions should extend to specific discussions of any applied Modifying Factors that may have a material impact on Ore Reserve viability, or for which there are remaining areas of uncertainty at the current study stage. ·      It is recognised that this may not be possible or appropriate in all circumstances. These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available.	·      No Ore Reserve has been declared. ·      The production target is based on the preliminary application of modifying factors and is consistent with scoping level; that is +/- 30% ·      Additional drilling and seismic surveying are required for the detailed assessment of modifying factors enough to support a PFS or FS, along with more detailed assessment of the following including project specific test-work: -      Geotechnical modelling -      Hydrogeological modelling -      Dissolution test work -      Mineralogical studies -      Cavern development/KCl extraction modelling, process test work.

 

GLOSSARY

Acronym / Term	Stands For / Meaning	Definition and/or Additional Information
$	Denotes USD or United States dollars.	The USD is the functional and presentation currency of the Company and the Group.
AIM	Alternative Investment Market	AIM (formerly the Alternative Investment Market) is a sub-market of the LSE.
AACE	American Association of Cost Engineers	Association upon which the estimation procedure of capital expenditure was based.
anhydrite	Calcium sulphate mineral (CaSO4) forming	Anhydrite Member refers here to a rock-type comprised largely of anhydrite that forms a layer at the top of the Salt Member.
ASX	Australian Stock Exchange
aquifer	A water bearing geological unit
Board	The board of directors of Kore Potash plc
brine	A solution of salts and water	Brine can be a solution of various salts including normal salt (NaCl) and KCl.
Capex	Capital cost estimate	Estimated cost to construct facilities to mine and process potash
Carnallite	A hydrated potassium magnesium chloride mineral (KMgCl3·6H2O)
Carnallitite	A rock type comprised predominantly of the potash mineral carnallite (KMgCl3·6H2O) and halite (NaCl).	Carnallitite may be replaced by the word carnallite for simplicity.
CEO	Chief Executive Officer	As listed on page 18 of the 2018 Annual Report.
CFR	Cost and Freight	"Cost and Freight" means that the seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination but the risk of loss of or damage to the goods, as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time the goods have been delivered on board the vessel is transferred from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail in the port of shipment.
Compaction	Refers to the compaction of the MoP
Company	Kore Potash plc	Kore Potash plc is public company incorporated and registered in England and Wales (registered number 10933682).
Cut-off-grade	The minimum grade of material (in this case sylvinite) that can be mined without incurring losses	Abbreviated to COG
CRU	Commodity Research Unit
DFS	Definitive Feasibility Study	The third and final study stage in the evaluation lifecycle of a project
Dougou	Denotes the Dougou Project	The Dougou Project (including the Dougou Extension Project) is part of the Sintoukola Potash Project.
DUP	Déclaration d'Utilité Publique	A DUP, or, translated as a "declaration of public utility", is a formal recognition in Congolese law that a proposed project has public benefits.
EBITDA	Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization