HSBC Holdings - 3Q19 Earnings Release | RNS | Ticker

HSBC Holdings - 3Q19 Earnings Release

RNS Announcement

RNS Number : 2416R

HSBC Holdings PLC

28 October 2019

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HSBC HOLDINGS PLC

3Q19 EARNINGS RELEASE

Noel Quinn, Group Chief Executive, said:

"Parts of our business, especially Asia, held up well in a challenging environment in the third quarter. However, in some parts, performance was not acceptable, principally business activities within continental Europe, the non-ring-fenced bank in the UK, and the US. Our previous plans are no longer sufficient to improve performance for these businesses, given the softer outlook for revenue growth. We are therefore accelerating plans to remodel them, and move capital into higher growth and return opportunities."

Highlights

• Reported profit before tax in Asia up 4% to $4.7bn in 3Q19, with a resilient performance in Hong Kong.

• Growth in both loans and advances to customers and customer accounts, up 4% and 2% respectively on a reported basis compared with 3Q18, and up 7% and 5% on a constant currency basis.

• Commercial Banking ('CMB') and Retail Banking delivered revenue growth compared with 3Q18. Continued momentum in Global Private Banking ('GPB') with net new money of $19bn in 9M19. Performance in Retail Banking and Wealth Management ('RBWM') in HSBC UK in 3Q19 was adversely impacted by additional customer redress charges.

• Global Banking and Markets ('GB&M') performance continued to reflect low levels of client activity in Global Markets, although our transaction banking franchises delivered a resilient performance. In 3Q19, GB&M's adjusted revenue in Asia increased by 9% compared with 3Q18 and represented over 50% of total GB&M adjusted revenue.

• Continued strong capital levels, with common equity tier 1 ('CET1') ratio of 14.3%, including the completion of a $1bn share buy-back.

Financial performance (vs. 3Q18)

• Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders in 3Q19 down 24% to $3.0bn, reflecting challenging market conditions. Return on tangible equity (annualised) ('RoTE') for 3Q19 of 6.4%.

• Reported profit before tax down 18% to $4.8bn, which included additional customer redress provisions of $606m and $120m of severance costs. Adjusted profit before tax down 12% to $5.3bn.

• Reported revenue down 3% to $13.4bn, due to lower client activity in Global Markets, compared with a strong 3Q18. In RBWM, continued growth in Retail Banking was broadly offset in insurance manufacturing due to higher adverse market impacts of $177m, while revenue increased in CMB and GPB. Adjusted revenue down 2% to $13.3bn.

• The reduction in revenue included an adverse movement in credit and funding valuation adjustments in GB&M of $196m, while the adverse impact of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina in 3Q19 was $132m, compared with $304m in 3Q18.

• Reported operating expenses up 2% due to significant items. Adjusted operating expenses up 0.8%, reflecting cost discipline while continuing to invest.

• Reported change in expected credit losses ('ECL') increased by $0.4bn, mainly on unsecured lending in RBWM and higher charges in CMB in the UK and Hong Kong. ECL in 3Q19 included a charge to reflect the economic outlook in Hong Kong.

Financial performance (vs. 9M18)

• Reported profit before tax up 4% to $17.2bn, including an $828m dilution gain recognised in Saudi Arabia, customer redress provisions of $1.2bn, and $407m of severance costs. Adjusted profit before tax up $50m to $17.9bn.

• Reported revenue up 4%. Adjusted revenue up 4.8%, which reflected strong performances in RBWM and CMB, notably in the first half of 2019. Adjusted revenue in GB&M down 7% from lower market activity due to ongoing economic uncertainty.

• Reported operating expenses down 1%. Adjusted operating expenses up 2.6%, which is a slower growth rate than the 5.6% at FY18 (compared with FY17) while we have continued to invest. 9M19 positive adjusted jaws of 2.2%.

• Earnings per share of 57 cents. 9M19 RoTE (annualised) of 9.5%.

Outlook

• The revenue environment is more challenging than in the first half of 2019, and the outlook for revenue growth is softer than we anticipated at the half-year. As a result, we no longer expect to reach our RoTE target of more than 11% in 2020.

• We will act to rebalance our capital away from low-return businesses and adjust the cost base in line with the actions we take.

• These actions, or any continuing deterioration in the revenue environment, could result in significant charges in 4Q19 and subsequent periods, including the possible impairment of goodwill and additional restructuring charges.

• Addressing low-return businesses and reducing risk-weighted assets ('RWAs') will allow redeployment of capital and resources into higher growth and return opportunities.

• We intend to sustain the dividend and maintain a CET1 ratio of above 14%.

Registered office and Group Head office: 8 Canada Square , London, E14 5HQ, United Kingdom Web: www.hsbc.com

Incorporated in England with limited liability. Registered number 617987

Key financial metrics

Nine months ended Quarter ended

	30 Sep 2019	30 Sep 2018	30 Sep 2019	30 Jun 2019	30 Sep 2018
Reported results
Reported revenue ($m)	42,727	41,085	13,355	14,944	13,798
Reported profit before tax ($m)	17,244	16,634	4,837	6,194	5,922
Reported profit after tax ($m)	13,732	12,932	3,795	5,027	4,516
Profit attributable to the ordinary shareholders of the parent company ($m)	11,478	11,071	2,971	4,373	3,899
Basic earnings per share ($)	0.57	0.56	0.15	0.22	0.19
Diluted earnings per share ($)	0.57	0.55	0.15	0.22	0.19
Return on average ordinary shareholders' equity (annualised) (%)	9.2	9.0	7.0	10.5	9.6
Return on average tangible equity (annualised) (%)	9.5	10.1	6.4	11.7	10.9
Net interest margin (%)	1.59	1.67
Adjusted results
Adjusted revenue ($m)	41,762	39,868	13,267	13,881	13,486
Adjusted profit before tax ($m)	17,864	17,814	5,348	6,101	6,092
Adjusted jaws (%)	2.2		(2.4)
Adjusted cost efficiency ratio (%)	56.8	57.9	56.9	57.3	55.5
Expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges ('ECL') as % of average gross loans and advances to customers (%)	0.27	0.12	0.34	0.22	0.20

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019	30 Jun 2019	31 Dec 2018
Balance sheet
Total assets ($m)		2,728,347	2,751,273	2,558,124
Net loans and advances to customers ($m)		1,017,833	1,021,632	981,696
Customer accounts ($m)		1,373,741	1,380,124	1,362,643
Average interest-earning assets, year to date ($m)		1,915,149	1,912,708	1,839,346
Loans and advances to customers as % of customer accounts (%)		74.1	74.0	72.0
Total shareholders' equity ($m)		189,517	192,676	186,253
Tangible ordinary shareholders' equity ($m)		141,831	145,441	140,056
Net asset value per ordinary share at period end ($)	1	8.21	8.35	8.13
Tangible net asset value per ordinary share at period end ($)		7.02	7.19	7.01
Capital, leverage and liquidity
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio (%)	2	14.3	14.3	14.0
Risk-weighted assets ($m)	2	865,238	885,971	865,318
Total capital ratio (%)	2	20.2	20.1	20.0
Leverage ratio (%)	2	5.4	5.4	5.5
High-quality liquid assets (liquidity value) ($bn)		513	533	567
Liquidity coverage ratio (%)		136	136	154
Share count
Period end basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding (millions)		20,191	20,221	19,981
Period end basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding and dilutive potential ordinary shares (millions)		20,267	20,286	20,059
Average basic number of $0.50 ordinary shares outstanding (millions)		20,149	20,124	19,896
Dividend per ordinary share (in respect of the period) ($)		0.30	0.30	0.51

1 The definition of net asset value per ordinary share is total shareholders' equity less non-cumulative preference shares and capital securities, divided by the number of ordinary shares in issue excluding shares the company has purchased and are held in treasury.

2 Unless otherwise stated, regulatory capital ratios and requirements are calculated in accordance with the transitional arrangements of the Capital Requirements Regulation in force in the EU at the time, including the regulatory transitional arrangements for IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments' in article 473a. The capital ratios and requirements at 30 September 2019 and 30 June 2019 apply the revisions to the Capital Requirements Regulation ('CRR II'), whereas prior periods apply the Capital Requirements Regulation and Directive ('CRD IV'). Leverage ratios are calculated using the end point definition of capital.

Contents Highlights	Page 1	Minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities	Page 29
Key financial metrics	2	Summary information - global businesses	31
Adjusted performance	3	Summary information - geographical regions	34
Financial performance commentary	5	Appendix - selected information	37
Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements	14	- Reconciliation of reported to adjusted results - global businesses	37
Summary consolidated income statement	15	- Reconciliation of reported and adjusted risk-weighted assets	42
Summary consolidated balance sheet	16	- Reconciliation of reported to adjusted results - geographical regions and
Credit risk	17	selected countries/territories	42
Capital adequacy	25	Third interim dividend for 2019	52
Leverage	26	Terms and abbreviations	53
Risk-weighted assets	27

HSBC Holdings plc will be conducting a trading update conference call with analysts and investors today to coincide with the publication of its Earnings Release. The call will take place at 07.30am GMT. Details of how to participate in the call and the live audio webcast can be found at www.hsbc.com/investors.

Note to editors

HSBC Holdings plc

HSBC Holdings plc, the parent company of HSBC, is headquartered in London. HSBC serves customers worldwide from offices in

65 countries and territories in our geographical regions: Europe, Asia, North America, Latin America, and Middle East and North Africa. With assets of $2,728bn at 30 September 2019, HSBC is one of the world's largest banking and financial services organisations.

Adjusted performance

Adjusted performance is computed by adjusting reported results for the effects of foreign currency translation differences and significant items, which both distort period-on-period comparisons.

We consider adjusted performance to provide useful information for investors by aligning internal and external reporting, identifying and quantifying items management believes to be significant, and providing insight into how management assesses period-on-period performance.

Foreign currency translation differences

Foreign currency translation differences reflect the movements of the US dollar against most major currencies. We exclude them to derive constant currency data, allowing us to assess balance sheet and income statement performance on a like-for-like basis and understand better the underlying trends in the business.

Significant items

'Significant items' refers collectively to the items that management and investors would ordinarily identify and consider separately to understand better the underlying trends in the business.

The tables on pages 37 to 51 detail the effects of significant items on each of our global business segments and geographical regions during 9M19, 3Q19 and 3Q18.

Adjusted performance - foreign currency translation of significant items

The foreign currency translation differences related to significant items are presented as a separate component of significant items. This is considered a more meaningful presentation as it allows better comparison of period-on-period movements in performance.

Customer redress provisions

Customer redress charges of $606m in 3Q19 included provisions for payment protection insurance ('PPI') of $388m as well as other customer redress programmes, notably in HSBC UK Bank plc. The increase in PPI provisions was mainly driven by the volume of information requests and inbound complaints received in the period to 29 August 2019, which significantly exceeded that forecast at 30 June 2019 (for further information, see page 103 of our Interim Report 2019). This was partly offset by the lower quality of the information requests. Other customer redress provisions include amounts recognised in respect of fees, charges and interest arising from collection and recovery activities.

The customer redress provisions include significant judgement in respect of the assumptions used and represent the best estimates at the reporting date. The assumptions used will continue to be reviewed and this may result in changes to the amounts provided in future reporting periods.

Global business performance

The Group Chief Executive, supported by the rest of the Group Management Board ('GMB'), is considered to be the Chief Operating Decision Maker ('CODM') for the purposes of identifying the Group's reportable segments.

The Group Chief Executive and the rest of the GMB review operating activity on a number of bases, including by global business and geographical region. Global businesses are our reportable segments under IFRS 8 'Operating Segments'. Global business results are assessed by the CODM on the basis of adjusted performance, which removes the effects of significant items and currency translation from reported results. We therefore present these results on an adjusted basis as required by IFRSs.

A reconciliation of the Group's adjusted results to the Group's reported results is presented below. Supplementary reconciliations of adjusted to reported results by global business are presented on pages 37 to 41 for information purposes.

Management view of adjusted revenue

Our global business segment commentary includes tables that provide breakdowns of adjusted revenue by major product. These reflect the basis on which revenue performance of the businesses is assessed and managed.

Reconciliation of reported and adjusted results

Nine months ended Quarter ended

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Revenue
Reported	1	42,727	41,085	13,355	14,944	13,798
Currency translation			(1,514)		(208) (355)
Significant items		(965)	297	(88)	(855)	43
- customer redress programmes		118 (823) (260)	(46) 142 195 6	118 4 (210)	- (827) (28) -	- - 43 -
- disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses
- fair value movement on financial instruments	2
- currency translation of significant items
Adjusted		41,762	39,868	13,267	13,881	13,486
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges
Reported		(2,023)	(914)	(883)	(555) (507)
Currency translation			68		10	18
Adjusted		(2,023)	(846)	(883)	(545) (489)
Operating expenses
Reported		(25,296)	(25,515)	(8,147)	(8,927) (7,966)
Currency translation			1,030		176	261
Significant items		1,585	1,382	599	800	218
- cost of structural reform	3	126 1,098 - 427 (66)	300 162 54 51 840 (25)	35 488 - 140 (64)	38 554 237 (2) (27)	89 62 51 27 (1) (10)
- customer redress programmes
- disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses
- restructuring and other related costs
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters
- currency translation of significant items
Adjusted		(23,711)	(23,103)	(7,548)	(7,951) (7,487)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		1,836	1,978	512	732	597
Currency translation			(83)		(16) (15)
Adjusted		1,836	1,895	512	716	582
Profit before tax
Reported		17,244	16,634	4,837	6,194	5,922
Currency translation			(499)		(38) (91)
Significant items		620	1,679	511	(55)	261
- revenue		(965) 1,585	297 1,382	(88) 599	(855) 800	43 218
- operating expenses
Adjusted		17,864	17,814	5,348	6,101	6,092
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported		1,017,833	981,460	1,017,833	1,021,632	981,460
Currency translation			(26,630)		(19,742) (26,630)
Adjusted		1,017,833	954,830	1,017,833	1,001,890	954,830
Customer accounts
Reported		1,373,741	1,345,375	1,373,741	1,380,124	1,345,375
Currency translation			(33,300)		(25,198) (33,300)
Adjusted		1,373,741	1,312,075	1,373,741	1,354,926	1,312,075

1 Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges, also referred to as 'revenue'.

2 Includes fair value movements on non-qualifying hedges and debit value adjustments ('DVA') on derivative contracts.

3 Comprises costs associated with preparations for the UK's exit from the European Union, costs to establish the UK ring-fenced bank (including the UK ServCo group) and costs associated with establishing an intermediate holding company in Hong Kong.

Financial performance commentary

Distribution of results by global business

Nine months ended Quarter ended

	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Adjusted profit before tax
Retail Banking and Wealth Management	6,137	5,661	1,696	2,195	2,072
Commercial Banking	5,657	5,811	1,632	1,979	1,837
Global Banking and Markets	4,065	5,196	1,241	1,183	1,765
Global Private Banking	319	280	123	98	93
Corporate Centre	1,686	866	656	646	325
Total	17,864	17,814	5,348	6,101	6,092

Distribution of results by geographical region

Nine months ended Quarter ended

	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Reported profit/(loss) before tax
Europe	(944)	744	(424)	(506)	634
Asia	14,431	13,839	4,651	4,774	4,459
Middle East and North Africa	2,041	1,158	305	1,271	322
North America	1,045	509	299	367	467
Latin America	671	384	6	288	40
Total	17,244	16,634	4,837	6,194	5,922
Adjusted profit before tax
Europe	313	1,115	52	157	812
Asia	14,525	13,597	4,658	4,803	4,422
Middle East and North Africa	1,221	1,165	308	452	329
North America	1,109	1,558	321	403	469
Latin America	696	379	9	286	60
Total	17,864	17,814	5,348	6,101	6,092

Tables showing adjusted profit before tax by global business and region are presented to support the commentary on adjusted performance on the following pages.

The tables on pages 37 to 51 reconcile reported to adjusted results for each of our global business segments and geographical regions.

Group

3Q19 compared with 3Q18 - reported results

Quarter ended

	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance
	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	3Q19 vs. 3Q18 $m %
Revenue	13,355	13,798	(443) (3)
ECL	(883)	(507)	(376) (74)
Operating expenses	(8,147)	(7,966)	(181) (2)
Share of profit from associates and JVs	512	597	(85) (14)
Profit before tax	4,837	5,922	(1,085) (18)
Tax expense	(1,042)	(1,406)	364 26
Profit after tax	3,795	4,516	(721) (16)

Reported profit

Reported profit after tax of $3.8bn was $0.7bn or 16% lower than in 3Q18, reflecting challenging market conditions.

Reported profit before tax of $4.8bn was $1.1bn or 18% lower than in 3Q18. The 3Q19 results included a provision of $0.6bn in respect of customer redress programmes and $140m of restructuring and other related costs, of which $120m related to severance. Reported results also included adverse credit and funding valuation adjustments in GB&M of $160m (3Q18: $36m favourable), adverse market impacts in insurance manufacturing in RBWM of $225m (3Q18: $48m adverse), and favourable valuation differences on long-term debt and associated swaps in Corporate Centre of $76m (3Q18: $15m adverse). The effects of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina resulted in a $67m decrease in profit before tax, compared with a $145m decrease in 3Q18.

The reduction in reported profit before tax reflected lower revenue, primarily as GB&M generated less income in Global Markets from reduced client activity due to ongoing economic uncertainty, which compared with a strong 3Q18. This decrease was partly offset by higher revenue in CMB, mainly reflecting higher balances in Credit and Lending ('C&L') and Global Liquidity and Cash Management

('GLCM'). In RBWM, growth in our Retail Banking business was broadly offset by adverse market impacts on insurance manufacturing. In addition, ECL increased in both RBWM and CMB.

Excluding net adverse movements in significant items of $0.3bn and adverse foreign currency translation differences of $0.1bn, profit before tax decreased by $0.7bn or 12%.

Reported revenue

Reported revenue of $13.4bn was $0.4bn or 3% lower than in 3Q18.

The reduction in reported revenue included adverse foreign currency translation differences of $0.4bn, partly offset by a net favourable movement in significant items of $0.1bn, primarily from favourable fair value movements on financial instruments.

Excluding foreign currency translation differences and significant items, revenue decreased by $0.2bn or 2%.

Reported ECL

Reported ECL of $0.9bn were $0.4bn higher than in 3Q18, with increases in RBWM driven by higher impairments on unsecured lending in the UK, the US, Hong Kong and Mexico, and also in CMB reflecting higher charges in the UK and Hong Kong.

The effect of foreign currency translation differences between the periods was minimal.

Reported operating expenses

Reported operating expenses of $8.1bn was $0.2bn or 2% higher than in 3Q18. This was driven by higher charges associated with customer redress programmes, of which $388m related to additional charges for the mis-selling of PPI, and $140m for restructuring and other related costs arising from cost efficiency measures across our global businesses and functions. The increase also reflected expenditure from near- and medium-term investments to grow the business.

The increase in operating expenses was partly offset by a reduction in performance-related pay and the favourable effect of foreign currency translation differences of $0.3bn.

Excluding significant items and foreign currency translation differences, operating expenses increased by $0.1bn or 1%.

Reported share of profit from associates and JVs

Reported income from associates of $0.5bn decreased by $0.1bn or 14%, mainly from a reduction in income from The Saudi British Bank ('SABB') as a result of higher ECL charges and other expenses relating to the merger with Alawwal bank, based on its latest published results.

Third interim dividend for 2019

On 2 October 2019, the Board announced a third interim dividend for 2019 of $0.10 per ordinary share in respect of the period. Further details are set out at the end of this release.

Group

3Q19 compared with 3Q18 - adjusted results

Quarter ended

	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance
	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	3Q19 vs. 3Q18 $m %
Revenue	13,267	13,486	(219) (2)
ECL	(883)	(489)	(394) (81)
Operating expenses	(7,548)	(7,487)	(61) (1)
Share of profit from associates and JVs	512	582	(70) (12)
Profit before tax	5,348	6,092	(744) (12)

Adjusted profit before tax

On an adjusted basis, profit before tax of $5.3bn was $0.7bn or 12% lower than in 3Q18. This was primarily from lower revenue in GB&M due to reduced client activity resulting from ongoing economic uncertainty compared with a strong 3Q18, as well as higher ECL in both RBWM and CMB.

The effects of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina resulted in a $67m decrease in profit before tax, compared with $145m in 3Q18.

Adjusted revenue

Adjusted revenue of $13.3bn was $0.2bn or 2% lower than in 3Q18, mainly in GB&M, while there was a favourable movement in revenue in Corporate Centre and higher revenue in CMB.

• In GB&M, revenue decreased by $0.6bn or 15%, which included a net adverse movement on credit and funding valuation adjustments of $196m. Revenue was $0.4bn lower in Global Markets from reduced client activity, reflecting economic uncertainty, compared with a strong 3Q18. In Global Banking, revenue increased as we grew lending balances and benefited from wider credit spreads on portfolio hedges, partly offset by prior year gains on corporate restructuring and lower event-driven revenue. Investment in GLCM, Securities Services and Global Trade and Receivables Finance ('GTRF') supported continued momentum as we delivered single-digit growth in average balances.

• In RBWM, revenue was broadly unchanged. In Retail Banking, higher revenue (up $0.1bn) reflected balance growth in lending and deposits, primarily in the UK and Hong Kong, while revenue growth in investment distribution was driven by higher sales of mutual funds and FX products. These increases were broadly offset by adverse market impacts in insurance manufacturing in 3Q19 of $225m (3Q18: $48m adverse).

• In CMB, revenue increased by $0.1bn or 4%, primarily in C&L from balance sheet growth of 5%, with increases in all regions. In GLCM, revenue increased as we benefited from wider margins, notably in Hong Kong, and higher average balances in North America and the UK.

• In GPB, revenue increased by $45m or 11%, mainly in Asia from growth in investment and lending revenue.

• In Corporate Centre, a net favourable movement in revenue of $194m mainly reflected a favourable effect of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina of $172m, and favourable movements of $91m relating to the economic hedging of interest rate and exchange rate risk on our long-term debt with long-term derivatives. Balance Sheet Management ('BSM') also recorded higher revenue, although this was partly offset by lower revenue in legacy credit due to higher losses on portfolio disposals.

Adjusted ECL

Adjusted ECL of $0.9bn were $0.4bn higher due to increased charges in RBWM and CMB. In addition, ECL in 3Q19 included a charge to reflect the economic outlook in Hong Kong. In 3Q19, adjusted ECL as a percentage of average gross loans and advances to customers was 0.34%, compared with 0.20% at 3Q18.

In RBWM, ECL were $0.4bn, an increase of $0.2bn, mainly against unsecured lending in the UK, the US, Hong Kong and Mexico.

In CMB, ECL rose by $0.2bn to $0.4bn. The increase reflected higher ECL in the UK and Hong Kong, which included charges related to specific customers. This increase was partly offset by lower ECL in MENA.

ECL remain sensitive to forward economic guidance, which has the potential to result in significant additional charges, given the current level of uncertainty in a number of the markets in which we operate.

Adjusted operating expenses

Adjusted operating expenses of $7.5bn were $0.1bn or 1% higher than in 3Q18. This included an increase in costs from investments (up

$0.1bn), notably from near- and medium-term investments to grow the business, mainly in RBWM and CMB, and continued investment in digital across all global businesses. These increases were partly offset by a $0.2bn reduction in performance-related pay.

Adjusted share of profit from associates and JVs

Adjusted share of income from associates of $0.5bn was $70m or 12% lower than in 3Q18, mainly from a reduction in income from SABB as a result of higher ECL charges and other expenses relating to the merger with Alawwal bank, based on its latest published results.

Group

9M19 compared with 9M18 - reported results

Nine months ended

	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance
	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	9M19 vs. 9M18 $m %
Revenue	42,727	41,085	1,642 4
ECL	(2,023)	(914)	(1,109) >(100)
Operating expenses	(25,296)	(25,515)	219 1
Share of profit from associates and JVs	1,836	1,978	(142) (7)
Profit before tax	17,244	16,634	610 4
Tax expense	(3,512)	(3,702)	190 5
Profit after tax	13,732	12,932	800 6

Reported profit

Reported profit after tax of $13.7bn was $0.8bn or 6% higher than in 9M18.

Reported profit before tax of $17.2bn was $0.6bn or 4% higher, mainly due to revenue growth, notably in the first half of the year. This increase in revenue was in RBWM from balance sheet growth and the impact of previous interest rate increases on margins in Retail Banking, and in CMB from growth across all our major products, while in GB&M revenue fell. Revenue growth included an $828m dilution gain recognised on the completion of the merger of SABB with Alawwal bank in Saudi Arabia, the non-recurrence of a 9M18 adverse swap mark-to-market loss of $177m on a bond reclassification in Corporate Centre, and 9M19 disposal gains in RBWM and CMB of $157m.

Profit growth was adversely impacted by higher ECL, largely from an increase in charges against a small number of exposures in CMB and GB&M, as well as an increase in RBWM. Operating expenses also rose.

Results in 9M19 included additional customer redress provisions of $1.2bn, restructuring and other related costs of $427m, of which

$407m related to severance, adverse credit and funding valuation adjustments in GB&M of $147m (9M18: $4m adverse), and adverse market impacts in insurance manufacturing in RBWM of $72m (9M18: $140m adverse). The effects of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina resulted in a $129m decrease in profit before tax, compared with a $145m decrease in 9M18.

Excluding net favourable movements in significant items of $1.1bn and adverse foreign currency translation differences of $0.5bn, profit before tax increased by $50m.

Reported revenue

Reported revenue of $42.7bn was $1.6bn or 4% higher than in 9M18, reflecting growth in RBWM and CMB, as discussed above, and in Corporate Centre, partly offset by lower revenue in GB&M.

Net favourable movements in significant items of $1.3bn, which largely comprised the $828m dilution gain recognised on the merger of SABB with Alawwal bank and favourable fair value movements on financial instruments of $0.5bn, were more than offset by adverse foreign currency translation differences of $1.5bn.

Excluding significant items and currency translation differences, revenue increased by $1.9bn or 5%.

Reported ECL

Reported ECL of $2.0bn were $1.1bn higher than in 9M18, primarily driven by increased charges against specific exposures in CMB and GB&M. This also included favourable foreign currency translation differences of $68m.

Reported operating expenses

Reported operating expenses of $25.3bn were $0.2bn or 1% lower than in 9M18 and included favourable foreign currency translation differences of $1.0bn, partly offset by net adverse movements in significant items of $0.2bn, which included:

• customer redress programme costs of $1.1bn, of which $1.0bn related to PPI, compared with $0.2bn in 9M18; and

• restructuring and other related costs of $0.4bn, which included $407m of severance costs. These were partly offset by:

• the non-recurrence of settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters of $0.8bn in 9M18; and

• structural reform costs of $0.1bn, compared with $0.3bn in 9M18.

Excluding significant items and foreign currency translation differences, operating expenses increased by $0.6bn or 3%.

Reported share of profit from associates and JVs

Reported share of profit in associates of $1.8bn was $0.1bn or 7% lower than in 9M18. This included adverse foreign currency translation differences of $83m. The reduction also reflected lower share of profit from SABB as a result of higher ECL charges and other expenses relating to the merger with Alawwal bank, partly offset by higher income from Bank of Communications Co., Limited ('BoCom').

Tax expense

The effective tax rate for 9M19 of 20.4% was lower than the 22.3% for 9M18. The 9M18 period contained a non-deductible regulatory settlement. The rate at 9M19 was reduced due to a change in profit mix and a non-taxable dilution gain in 1H19, partly offset by non- recognition of UK tax losses and non-deductible UK customer redress expenses.

Group

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Nine months ended

	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance
	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	9M19 vs. 9M18 $m %
Revenue	41,762	39,868	1,894	5
ECL	(2,023)	(846)	(1,177)	>(100)
Operating expenses	(23,711)	(23,103)	(608) (3)
Share of profit from associates and JVs	1,836	1,895	(59) (3)
Profit before tax	17,864	17,814	50	0

Adjusted profit before tax

Adjusted profit before tax of $17.9bn was marginally higher than in 9M18 (up $0.1bn).

Adjusted revenue increased by $1.9bn, primarily reflecting growth in RBWM and CMB, although revenue in GB&M fell. The increase in revenue was broadly offset by higher adjusted ECL (up $1.2bn) and a rise in adjusted operating expenses of $0.6bn, which included investments to grow the business and investments in digital capabilities.

The effects of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina resulted in a $129m decrease in profit before tax, compared with a $145m decrease in 9M18.

Adjusted revenue

Adjusted revenue of $41.8bn was $1.9bn or 5% higher than in 9M18, reflecting continued growth in RBWM and CMB, notably in the first half of 2019. Adjusted revenue also increased in GPB and Corporate Centre. These increases were partly offset by lower revenue in GB&M.

• In RBWM, revenue increased by $1.3bn or 8%, mainly in Retail Banking, reflecting growth in deposit and lending balances, primarily in Hong Kong and the UK. We also benefited from wider margins due to previous interest rate rises. In Wealth Management, revenue growth reflected higher insurance manufacturing revenue, which included favourable actuarial assumption changes of $0.1bn and lower adverse market impact of $67m, as 9M19 recorded an adverse movement of $72m compared with an adverse movement of

$140m in 9M18. These increases were partly offset by lower investment distribution revenue.

• In CMB, revenue increased by $0.8bn or 8%, with growth in all major products and regions. Growth was primarily in GLCM, arising from wider deposit margins, notably in Hong Kong and the UK, and in Latin America from wider margins and growth in average deposit balances. Revenue increased in C&L due to balance sheet growth in most markets, partly offset by margin compression.

• In GB&M, revenue decreased by $0.8bn or 7%, mainly in Global Markets as economic uncertainty resulted in lower market activity, and in Global Banking as 9M18 benefited from gains on corporate lending restructuring. These decreases were partly offset by continued momentum in our transaction banking products as we increased client mandates and grew balances.

• In GPB, revenue increased by $0.1bn or 5%, mainly reflecting growth in investment revenue and lending revenue, primarily in Asia. These increases were partly offset by lower deposit revenue, notably in the US.

• In Corporate Centre, revenue increased by $0.6bn. This was mainly in Central Treasury from favourable fair value movements in 9M19 of $0.2bn relating to the economic hedging of interest rate and exchange rate risk on our long-term debt with long-term derivatives (9M18: $0.2bn adverse), and from a non-repeat of a 9M18 swap mark-to-market loss on a bond reclassification of $177m. In addition, the adverse impact of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina was lower than in 9M18. These movements were partly offset by lease expenses of $127m following the adoption of IFRS 16 'Leases', which were recorded within operating expenses in 9M18.

Adjusted ECL

Adjusted ECL of $2.0bn were $1.2bn higher than in 9M18.

• In CMB, ECL increased by $0.6bn, primarily in the UK and Hong Kong.

• In GB&M, ECL of $0.1bn primarily related to a specific corporate exposure in Europe. This compared with net releases of $0.1bn in 9M18, mainly in the US against exposures in the oil and gas sector.

• In RBWM, ECL of $1.0bn increased by $0.2bn compared with 9M18, notably against unsecured lending, mainly in the UK, the US and Mexico.

• In Corporate Centre, there was an adverse movement of $0.1bn, reflecting lower net releases in 9M19 mainly related to our legacy portfolios.

Adjusted ECL as a percentage of average gross loans and advances to customers was 0.27%, compared with 0.12% at 9M18.

Adjusted operating expenses

Adjusted operating expenses of $23.7bn were $0.6bn or 3% higher than in 9M18. This increase included higher expenditure on investments (up $0.4bn), notably investments to grow the business, mainly in RBWM and CMB, as well as continued investment in our digital capabilities across all global businesses. In addition, volume-related growth increased by $0.1bn. Cost inflation was broadly offset by the impact of our cost-saving efficiencies.

The number of employees expressed in full-time equivalent staff at 30 September 2019 was 237,412, an increase of 2,195 from 31 December 2018. This was primarily driven by investments in business growth programmes, notably in RBWM and CMB. Additionally, the number of contractors at 30 September 2019 was 9,045, a decrease of 1,809 from 31 December 2018.

The effect of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina resulted in an increase in adjusted operating expenses of $105m compared with 9M18.

Adjusted share of profit from associates and JVs

Adjusted share of income from associates of $1.8bn was $0.1bn or 3% lower than in 9M18 as a result of higher ECL charges and other expenses relating to the merger with Alawwal bank, partly offset by higher income from BoCom.

Retail Banking and Wealth Management 9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Management view of adjusted revenue

Nine months ended Quarter ended

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
				9M19 vs. 9M18 $m %
Retail Banking		11,850	10,963	887	8	3,981	3,943	3,832
- current accounts, savings and deposits		7,067	6,048	1,019	17	2,422	2,423	2,285
- personal lending		4,783	4,915	(132)	(3)	1,559	1,520	1,547
mortgages		1,218 2,187 1,378	1,455 2,087 1,373	(237) 100 5	(16) 5 0	379 711 469	396 677 447	408 691 448
credit cards
other personal lending
Wealth Management		5,090	4,867	223	5	1,476	1,695	1,570
- investment distribution		2,549 1,778 763	2,656 1,421 790	(107) 357 (27)	(4) 25 (3)	839 395 242	849 586 260	792 522 256
- life insurance manufacturing
- asset management
Other	1	607	463	144	31	171	231	222
Net operating income	2	17,547	16,293	1,254	8	5,628	5,869	5,624
RoTE excluding significant items and UK bank levy (annualised) (%)		19.3	22.8

1 'Other' includes the distribution and manufacturing (where applicable) of retail and credit protection insurance, disposal gains and
other non-product specific income.

2 'Net operating income' means net operating income before changes in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (also referred to as 'Revenue').

Adjusted profit before tax of $6.1bn was $0.5bn or 8% higher than in 9M18. This increase reflected strong balance sheet growth and the impact of previous interest rate increases on margins in Retail Banking, higher revenue in life insurance manufacturing, and disposal gains in Argentina and Mexico. This was partly offset by increased adjusted operating expenses driven by higher staff costs and inflation, together with strategic investments.

RBWM's reported results include customer redress programme costs, notably in respect of the mis-selling of PPI. These are excluded from our adjusted performance.

Adjusted revenue of $17.5bn was $1.3bn or 8% higher, which included disposal gains in Argentina and Mexico of $133m.

• In Retail Banking, revenue of $11.9bn was up $0.9bn or 8%. The increase reflected deposit balance growth of $33bn or 5%, particularly in Hong Kong and the UK, and lending balance growth of $31bn or 9% compared with 9M18, notably in mortgages in Hong Kong and the UK. In addition, revenue benefited from the impact of previous interest rate increases.

• In Wealth Management, revenue of $5.1bn was up $0.2bn or 5%, reflecting higher life insurance manufacturing revenue (up $0.4bn or 25%), driven by growth in the value of new business written (up $0.1bn or 15%), favourable actuarial assumption changes of $0.1bn and lower adverse market impacts of $67m, as 9M19 recorded an adverse movement of $72m compared with an adverse movement of $140m in 9M18. This was partly offset by lower investment distribution revenue (down $0.1bn or 4%), driven by less favourable market conditions in Hong Kong, compared with 9M18, and a change in the product mix of clients' investments to lower risk and lower margin products.

Adjusted ECL were $1.0bn, up 24% from 9M18, reflecting our strategy to grow unsecured lending, notably in the UK, the US and Mexico. In addition, ECL in 9M19 included charges related to the current economic uncertainties in the UK and Hong Kong. The net write-off in 9M19 remained stable compared with 9M18.

Adjusted operating expenses of $10.5bn were $0.6bn or 6% higher. This was mainly driven by higher staff costs and inflation (up $0.2bn), particularly in Asia, to support business growth and the impact of investment in strategic initiatives (up $0.1bn) to grow the Wealth Management business in Asia, enhance digital capabilities, and drive growth in key markets through lending.

Commercial Banking

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Management view of adjusted revenue

Nine months ended Quarter ended

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	9M19 vs. 9M18 $m %		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Global Trade and Receivables Finance		1,402	1,360	42	3	464	465	455
Credit and Lending		4,113	3,843	270	7	1,367	1,363	1,293
Global Liquidity and Cash Management		4,554	4,130	424	10	1,506	1,519	1,446
Markets products, Insurance and Investments, and Other	1	1,538	1,459	79	5	454	492	459
Net operating income	2	11,607	10,792	815	8	3,791	3,839	3,653
RoTE excluding significant items and UK bank levy (annualised) (%)		13.0	14.5

1 Includes revenue from Foreign Exchange, insurance manufacturing and distribution, interest rate management and Global Banking products.

2 'Net operating income' means net operating income before changes in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (also referred to as 'Revenue').

Adjusted profit before tax of $5.7bn was $0.2bn or 3% lower than in 9M18. Adjusted revenue growth across all products, notably in GLCM and C&L, was more than offset by higher adjusted ECL charges and higher adjusted operating expenses, as we continued to invest.

Adjusted revenue of $11.6bn was $0.8bn or 8% higher, with growth in all regions, particularly in our largest markets, Hong Kong (up 8%) and the UK (up 8%), and across all major products.

• In GLCM, revenue was $0.4bn or 10% higher, with growth in all regions. The increase was mainly in Hong Kong and the UK, primarily reflecting wider margins, and in Latin America from wider margins and growth in average deposit balances.

• In C&L, revenue growth of $0.3bn or 7% reflected continued lending growth in all regions, partly offset by the effects of margin compression.

• In GTRF, revenue increased by $42m or 3%, with growth across all regions except Asia. The increase was mainly from higher volumes in the UK, fee growth in MENA and wider margins in Asia.

• Revenue growth in 'Other' products included a disposal gain of $24m in Latin America.

Corporate customer value from our international subsidiary banking proposition grew by 8%. (This relates to corporate client income, covering all CMB products, as well as total income from GB&M synergy products, including FX and debt capital markets, used by international CMB subsidiaries. This measure differs from reported revenue in that it excludes Business Banking and Other and internal cost of funds.)

Adjusted ECL of $0.9bn were $0.6bn higher than in 9M18, driven by an increase in the UK, partly offset by a reduction in MENA. In addition, there were ECL charges in 9M19, notably in Asia, compared with 9M18 where we recorded minimal charges in Hong Kong and net releases in North America.

Adjusted operating expenses of $5.0bn were $0.3bn or 7% higher, reflecting increased investment in digital capabilities (up $0.2bn), including Real Time Payments, which provides clients with a faster, simpler and more secure payment experience.

Global Banking and Markets

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Management view of adjusted revenue

Nine months ended Quarter ended

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	9M19 vs. 9M18 $m %		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Global Markets		4,514	5,182	(668)	(13)	1,352	1,405	1,745
- FICC		3,696	4,216	(520)	(12)	1,145	1,173	1,465
Foreign Exchange		2,021 1,189 486	2,319 1,226 671	(298) (37) (185)	(13) (3) (28)	713 300 132	602 392 179	812 404 249
Rates
Credit
- Equities		818	966	(148)	(15)	207	232	280
Securities Services		1,512	1,439	73	5	509	518	491
Global Banking		2,921	3,067	(146)	(5)	989	990	957
Global Liquidity and Cash Management		2,080	1,905	175	9	692	693	671
Global Trade and Receivables Finance		610	589	21	4	202	198	211
Principal Investments		215	278	(63)	(23)	93	38	108
Credit and funding valuation adjustments		(147)	(4)	(143)	>(100)	(160)	(32) 36
Other	1	(529)	(470)	(59)	(13)	(207)	(218) (149)
Net operating income	2	11,176	11,986	(810)	(7)	3,470	3,592	4,070
RoTE excluding significant items and UK bank levy (annualised) (%)		9.6	12.5

1 'Other' in GB&M includes allocated funding costs and gains resulting from business disposals. Within the management view of total operating income, notional tax credits are allocated to the businesses to reflect the economic benefit generated by certain activities that is not reflected within operating income, such as notional credits on income earned from tax-exempt investments where the economic benefit of the activity is reflected in tax expense. In order to reflect the total operating income on an IFRS basis, the offset to these tax credits is included within 'Other'.

2 'Net operating income' means net operating income before changes in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (also referred to as 'Revenue').

Adjusted profit before tax of $4.1bn was $1.1bn lower than in 9M18, mainly due to lower revenue in Global Markets, as economic uncertainty resulted in reduced market activity. In addition, ECL charges increased by $0.2bn, compared with a net release in 9M18.

Adjusted revenue of $11.2bn fell by $0.8bn compared with 9M18, and included higher adverse movements on credit and funding valuation adjustments of $143m.

• Global Markets revenue decreased by $0.7bn or 13%, driven by low market volatility, reduced client activity due to ongoing economic uncertainty and continued spread compression.

• Global Banking revenue fell $0.1bn or 5%, reflecting a non-repeat of gains in 9M18 on corporate lending restructuring, lower event- driven activity and the impact of tightening credit spreads on portfolio hedges. These reductions were partly offset by higher lending revenue as we continued to grow balances, notably in Asia.

• Revenue grew in our transaction banking products. GLCM revenue rose by $0.2bn or 9%, primarily driven by higher average deposit balances and wider margins. Securities Services revenue increased by $0.1bn or 5% from continued growth in average assets under custody (up 5%) and average assets under administration (up 7%) from increased client mandates, as well as higher interest rates. GTRF revenue increased by $21m or 4% from growth in lending and higher fees from commodity and structured trade deals, particularly in MENA.

Adjusted ECL were $0.1bn, up $217m compared with 9M18. The charges in 9M19 primarily related to a specific corporate exposure in Europe, compared with net releases in 9M18 that were largely related to exposures within the oil and gas sector in the US.

Adjusted operating expenses of $7.0bn were $0.1bn or 2% higher, as we invested in GLCM and Securities Services to support business growth as well as in regulatory programmes.

Global Private Banking

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Management view of adjusted revenue

Nine months ended Quarter ended

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	9M19 vs. 9M18 $m %		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Investment revenue		589	544	45	8	207	197	164
Lending		313	290	23	8	109	107	94
Deposit		352	366	(14)	(4)	112	118	124
Other		142	134	8	6	44	49	45
Net operating income	1	1,396	1,334	62	5	472	471	427
RoTE excluding significant items and UK bank levy (annualised) (%)		12.1	10.9

1 'Net operating income' means net operating income before changes in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (also referred to as 'Revenue').

Adjusted profit before tax of $0.3bn increased by $39m or 14% compared with 9M18, reflecting higher adjusted revenue in Asia where we continued to invest in business growth initiatives, partly offset by higher adjusted ECL.

Adjusted revenue of $1.4bn increased by $62m or 5%, mainly reflecting growth in Asia.

• Investment revenue increased by $45m or 8%, mainly in Asia from higher brokerage and trading revenue and from increased annuity fee income as a result of growth in discretionary client mandates.

• Lending revenue was $23m or 8% higher, with growth in Asia and most of our markets in Europe, with the exception of the UK, which was adversely affected by margin compression.

• Deposit revenue fell by $14m or 4%, as lower revenue in the US from compressed margins and repositioning actions was partly offset by growth in Asia from balance growth and wider margins.

In 9M19, we attracted $19bn of net new money inflows, mainly in Asia and Europe.

Adjusted ECL were $25m, mainly in the UK. This compared with a net release of $16m in 9M18, mainly in the UK, the US and France.

Adjusted operating expenses of $1.1bn were $18m or 2% lower. This was mainly due to reductions in Europe and the US following actions to mitigate lower revenue, and a partial release of a provision associated with the wind-down of our operations in Monaco. These reductions were partly offset by an increase in Asia, driven by investments to support business growth.

Corporate Centre

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Management view of adjusted revenue

Nine months ended Quarter ended

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	Variance		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
				9M19 vs. 9M18 $m %
Central Treasury	1	881	242	639	>100	313	263	91
Legacy portfolios		(124)	(78)	(46)	(59)	(40)	(13) 25
Other		(721)	(701)	(20)	(3)	(367)	(140) (404)
Net operating income	2	36	(537)	573	>100	(94)	110 (288)
RoTE excluding significant items and UK bank levy (annualised) (%)		(3.6)	(4.8)

1 Central Treasury includes revenue relating to BSM in 9M19 of $1.8bn (9M18: $1.8bn; 3Q19: $626m; 2Q19: $586m; 3Q18: $528m), interest expense in 9M19 of $1.0bn (9M18: $978m; 3Q19: $321m; 2Q19: $348m; 3Q18: $358m) and favourable valuation differences on issued long-term debt and associated swaps in 9M19 of $219m (9M18: adverse $380m; 3Q19: favourable $76m; 2Q19: favourable $93m; 3Q18: adverse $15m). Revenue relating to BSM includes other internal allocations to reflect the economic benefit generated by certain activities, which is not reflected within operating income, such as notional credits on income earned from tax-exempt investments where the economic benefit of the activity is reflected in tax expense. In order to reflect the total operating income on an IFRS basis, the offset to these tax credits is included in other Central Treasury.

2 'Net operating income' means net operating income before changes in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges (also referred to as 'Revenue').

Adjusted profit before tax of $1.7bn was $0.8bn higher than in 9M18.

Adjusted revenue was $0.6bn favourable compared with 9M18, largely reflecting higher revenue in Central Treasury. Central Treasury revenue of $0.9bn was $0.6bn higher than in 9M18. This included:

• favourable fair value movements relating to the economic hedging of interest rate and exchange rate risk on our long-term debt with long-term derivatives of $219m in 9M19, compared with adverse movements of $203m in 9M18; and

• the non-recurrence of a $177m loss in 9M18 arising from adverse swap mark-to-market movements following a bond reclassification under IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments'.

Other income decreased by $20m. In 9M19, this included $127m of lease expenses following the adoption of IFRS 16 'Leases' from

1 January 2019. In 9M18, lease expenses were recorded within operating expenses. This decrease was broadly offset by a lower adverse impact of hyperinflation accounting in Argentina.

A net release of adjusted ECL of $19m compared with a net release of $113m in 9M18, mainly relating to our legacy portfolios.

Adjusted operating expenses of $0.2bn decreased by $0.4bn or 74%. This partly reflected a change in the allocation of certain costs to global businesses, which reduced costs retained in Corporate Centre, as well as the impact of the adoption of IFRS 16 'Leases'. In addition, costs relating to legacy portfolios reduced, while 9M18 also included a $41m charge in relation to the 2017 UK bank levy.

Adjusted share of income from associates of $1.8bn decreased by $0.1bn or 5%, primarily due to a lower share of profit from SABB.

Balance sheet - 30 September 2019 compared with 30 June 2019

At 30 September 2019, our total assets of $2.7tn were $23bn lower on a reported basis. On a constant currency basis, our total assets were $30bn higher, reflecting targeted lending growth, notably in Asia.

Loans and advances to customers as a percentage of customer accounts were 74%, which was in line with the prior quarter.

Loans and advances to customers

Reported loans and advances to customers were $3.8bn lower. This included adverse effects of foreign currency translation differences of

$19.7bn. On a constant currency basis, customer lending increased by $15.9bn or 2%.

Customer lending growth was primarily in Asia (up $9.8bn), reflecting an increase in GB&M (up $6.8bn), due to higher term lending from our continued strategic focus on growth throughout Asia. Customer lending increased in RBWM by $3.8bn, primarily in Hong Kong (up

$3.0bn), where we maintained a leading position in mortgages. This was partly offset by a decrease in CMB (down $1.8bn).

In Europe, customer lending increased by $6.6bn, with HSBC UK up $2.8bn, primarily reflecting growth in mortgage balances (up

$2.0bn), due to our focus on broker-originated mortgages. We also increased lending to our corporate clients within HSBC UK mainly through term lending. The remaining increase in Europe primarily reflected growth in the UK in GB&M.

Customer accounts

Customer accounts fell by $6.4bn on a reported basis, including adverse foreign currency translation differences of $25.2bn. On a constant currency basis, customer accounts increased by $18.8bn or 1%.

On an adjusted basis, customer accounts increased in Europe by $9.2bn. This was driven by an increase in CMB and RBWM balances, notably in HSBC UK (up $5.7bn) within current accounts and savings. In addition, current accounts increased in GB&M mainly in the UK.

Customer accounts also increased in North America (up $7.9bn), primarily in GB&M (up $3.9bn), reflecting an increase in interest-bearing demand deposits, and in CMB (up $2.1bn), from an increase mainly in time deposits. In addition, customer accounts grew in RBWM (up

$1.7bn), reflecting an increase in savings deposits arising from promotional rates.

Risk-weighted assets

Risk-weighted assets ('RWAs') totalled $865.2bn at 30 September 2019, a $20.8bn decrease during 3Q19. This included a decrease of

$12.8bn due to foreign currency translation differences. The $8.0bn decrease (excluding foreign currency translation differences) comprised reductions of $14.4bn due to methodology and policy changes and $1.5bn due to model updates, partly offset by increases of

$4.9bn from changes in asset quality and of $3bn from asset size growth.

The decrease due to methodology and policy changes included a $7.0bn reduction from risk parameter refinements and improved collateral recognition and a $6.3bn impact from a change to our best estimate of expected loss on corporate exposures. The increase due to asset quality changes included growth of $2.4bn caused by the effect of the credit downgrade of Argentina, as well as changes in the portfolio mix of GB&M assets. Asset size movements included $4.7bn lending growth in CMB and RBWM and a $2.4bn increase in market risk RWAs, partly offset by a $3.7bn fall in Corporate Centre exposures.

Net interest margin

Nine months ended Full year to

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	31 Dec 2018 $m
Net interest income		22,808	22,780	30,489
Average interest-earning assets		1,915,149	1,827,337	1,839,346
		%	% %
Gross interest yield	1	2.89	2.64	2.70
Less: cost of funds	1	(1.53)	(1.13) (1.21)
Net interest spread	2	1.36	1.51	1.49
Net interest margin	3	1.59	1.67	1.66

1 Gross interest yield is the average annualised interest rate earned on average interest-earning assets ('AIEA'). Cost of funds is the average annualised interest cost as a percentage on average interest-bearing liabilities.

2 Net interest spread is the difference between the average annualised interest rate earned on AIEA, net of amortised premiums and loan fees, and the average annualised interest rate payable on average interest-bearing funds.

3 Net interest margin is net interest income expressed as an annualised percentage of AIEA.

Net interest income for 9M19 was $22.8bn, broadly unchanged compared with 9M18. This reflected higher yields and an increase in average interest-earning assets ('AIEA'), offset by increased funding costs.

The Group's net interest margin ('NIM') in 9M19 was 1.59%, which was 8 basis points ('bps') lower compared with 9M18. The decline in NIM reflected an increase in net funding costs of 7bps and 1bp impact of significant items.

Notes

• Income statement comparisons, unless stated otherwise, are between the quarter ended 30 September 2019 and the quarter ended 30 September 2018. Balance sheet comparisons, unless otherwise stated, are between balances at 30 September 2019 and the corresponding balances at 30 June 2019.

• The financial information on which this Earnings Release is based, and the data set out in the appendix to this statement, are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with HSBC's significant accounting policies as described on pages 224 to 237 of our Annual Report and Accounts 2018.

• The Board has adopted a policy of paying quarterly interim dividends on ordinary shares. Under this policy, it is intended to have a pattern of three equal interim dividends with a variable fourth interim dividend. Dividends are declared in US dollars and, at the election of the shareholder, paid in cash in one of, or in a combination of, US dollars, sterling and Hong Kong dollars or, subject to the Board's determination that a scrip dividend is to be offered in respect of that dividend, may be satisfied in whole or in part by the issue of new shares in lieu of a cash dividend.

Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements

This Earnings Release contains certain forward-looking statements with respect to HSBC's financial condition, results of operations, capital position and business.

Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about HSBC's beliefs, targets and expectations, are forward-looking statements. Words such as 'expects', 'targets', 'anticipates', 'intends', 'plans', 'believes', 'seeks', 'estimates', 'potential' and 'reasonably possible', variations of these words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and therefore undue reliance should not be placed on them. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. HSBC makes no commitment to revise or update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring or existing after the date of any forward-looking statements.

Written and/or oral forward-looking statements may also be made in the periodic reports to the US Securities and Exchange Commission, summary financial statements to shareholders, proxy statements, offering circulars and prospectuses, press releases and other written materials, and in oral statements made by HSBC's Directors, officers or employees to third parties, including financial analysts.

Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. Readers are cautioned that a number of factors could cause actual results to differ, in some instances materially, from those anticipated or implied in any forward-looking statement.

These include, but are not limited to:

• changes in general economic conditions in the markets in which we operate, such as continuing or deepening recessions and fluctuations in employment beyond those factored into consensus forecasts; changes in foreign exchange rates and interest rates; volatility in equity markets; lack of liquidity in wholesale funding markets; illiquidity and downward price pressure in national real estate markets; adverse changes in central banks' policies with respect to the provision of liquidity support to financial markets; heightened market concerns over sovereign creditworthiness in over-indebted countries; adverse changes in the funding status of public or private defined benefit pensions; consumer perception as to the continuing availability of credit and price competition in the market segments we serve; and deviations from the market and economic assumptions that form the basis for our ECL measurements;

• changes in government policy and regulation, including the monetary, interest rate and other policies of central banks and other regulatory authorities; initiatives to change the size, scope of activities and interconnectedness of financial institutions in connection with the implementation of stricter regulation of financial institutions in key markets worldwide; revised capital and liquidity benchmarks, which could serve to deleverage bank balance sheets and lower returns available from the current business model and portfolio mix; imposition of levies or taxes designed to change business mix and risk appetite; the practices, pricing or responsibilities of financial institutions serving their consumer markets; expropriation, nationalisation, confiscation of assets and changes in legislation relating to foreign ownership; changes in bankruptcy legislation in the principal markets in which we operate and the consequences thereof; general changes in government policy that may significantly influence investor decisions; extraordinary government actions as a result of current market turmoil; other unfavourable political or diplomatic developments producing social instability or legal uncertainty, which in turn may affect demand for our products and services; the costs, effects and outcomes of product regulatory reviews, actions or litigation, including any additional compliance requirements; and the effects of competition in the markets where we operate including increased competition from non-bank financial services companies, including securities firms; and

• factors specific to HSBC, including our success in adequately identifying the risks we face, such as the incidence of loan losses or delinquency, and managing those risks (through account management, hedging and other techniques). Effective risk management depends on, among other things, our ability through stress testing and other techniques to prepare for events that cannot be captured by the statistical models it uses; our success in addressing operational, legal and regulatory, and litigation challenges; and the other risks and uncertainties we identify in 'Top and emerging risks' on pages 69 to 73 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018 and on pages 16 and 17 of the Interim Report 2019.

For further information contact:

Investor Relations Media Relations

UK - Richard O'Connor UK - Heidi Ashley

Tel: +44 (0) 20 7991 6590 Tel: +44 (0) 20 7992 2045

Hong Kong - Mark Phin Hong Kong - Patrick Humphris

Tel: +852 2822 4908 Tel: +852 2822 2052

Summary consolidated income statement

Nine months ended Quarter ended

	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	30 Sep 2018 $m
Net interest income	22,808	22,780	7,568	7,772	7,680
Net fee income	9,085	9,793	2,961	3,098	3,026
Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis	7,877	7,485	2,546	2,450	2,602
Net income/(expense) from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss	2,318	(44)	122	486	178
Changes in fair value of designated debt and related derivatives¹	149	(129)	61	77 (3)
Changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	617	541	160	187	196
Gains less losses from financial investments	316	161	115	102	37
Net insurance premium income	9,047	8,488	2,724	3,027	2,712
Other operating income	2,935	569	863	1,214	169
Total operating income	55,152	49,644	17,120	18,413	16,597
Net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders	(12,425)	(8,559)	(3,765)	(3,469) (2,799)
Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges²	42,727	41,085	13,355	14,944	13,798
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges	(2,023)	(914)	(883)	(555) (507)
Net operating income	40,704	40,171	12,472	14,389	13,291
Total operating expenses	(25,296)	(25,515)	(8,147)	(8,927) (7,966)
Operating profit	15,408	14,656	4,325	5,462	5,325
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures	1,836	1,978	512	732	597
Profit before tax	17,244	16,634	4,837	6,194	5,922
Tax expense	(3,512)	(3,702)	(1,042)	(1,167) (1,406)
Profit after tax	13,732	12,932	3,795	5,027	4,516
Attributable to:
- ordinary shareholders of the parent company	11,478	11,071	2,971	4,373	3,899
- preference shareholders of the parent company	67	67	22	23	22
- other equity holders	1,148	795	484	254	264
- non-controlling interests	1,039	999	318	377	331
Profit after tax	13,732	12,932	3,795	5,027	4,516
	$	$	$	$ $
Basic earnings per share	0.57	0.56	0.15	0.22	0.19
Diluted earnings per share	0.57	0.55	0.15	0.22	0.19
Dividend per ordinary share (in respect of the period)	0.30	0.30	0.10	0.10	0.10
	%	%	%	% %
Return on average ordinary shareholders' equity (annualised)	9.2	9.0	7.0	10.5	9.6
Return on average tangible equity (annualised)	9.5	10.1	6.4	11.7	10.9
Cost efficiency ratio	59.2	62.1	61.0	59.7	57.7

1 The debt instruments, issued for funding purposes, are designated under the fair value option to reduce an accounting mismatch.

2 Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges, also referred to as 'revenue'.

Summary consolidated balance sheet

	30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m	31 Dec 2018 $m
Assets
Cash and balances at central banks	151,185	171,090	162,843
Trading assets	243,905	271,424	238,130
Financial assets designated and otherwise mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	41,410	41,043	41,111
Derivatives	283,945	233,621	207,825
Loans and advances to banks	70,799	82,397	72,167
Loans and advances to customers	1,017,833	1,021,632	981,696
Reverse repurchase agreements - non-trading	214,837	233,079	242,804
Financial investments	429,501	428,101	407,433
Other assets	274,932	268,886	204,115
Total assets	2,728,347	2,751,273	2,558,124
Liabilities and equity
Liabilities
Deposits by banks	63,439	71,051	56,331
Customer accounts	1,373,741	1,380,124	1,362,643
Repurchase agreements - non-trading	135,581	184,497	165,884
Trading liabilities	89,378	94,149	84,431
Financial liabilities designated at fair value	164,698	165,104	148,505
Derivatives	278,374	229,903	205,835
Debt securities in issue	98,486	103,663	85,342
Liabilities under insurance contracts	94,867	93,794	87,330
Other liabilities	231,996	228,114	167,574
Total liabilities	2,530,560	2,550,399	2,363,875
Equity
Total shareholders' equity	189,517	192,676	186,253
Non-controlling interests	8,270	8,198	7,996
Total equity	197,787	200,874	194,249
Total liabilities and equity	2,728,347	2,751,273	2,558,124

Credit risk

A summary of our current policies and practices for the management of credit risk is set out in 'Credit risk management' on page 79 of the Annual Report and Accounts 2018.

Summary of credit risk

Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied

Footnotes		At 30 Sep 2019		At 31 D	ec	2018
		Gross carrying/ nominal amount $m	Allowance for ECL¹ $m	Gross carrying/ nominal amount $m	Allowance for ECL¹ $m
Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost		1,026,414 (8,581)		990,321 (8,625)
- personal		415,294 538,021 73,099	(3,041) (5,400) (140)	394,337 534,577 61,407	(2,947) (5,552) (126)
- corporate and commercial
- non-bank financial institutions
Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost		70,827 (28)		72,180 (13)
Other financial assets measured at amortised cost		623,938 (108)		582,917 (55)
- cash and balances at central banks		151,187 7,288 36,306 214,837 83,856 130,464	(2) - - - (41) (65)	162,845 5,787 35,859 242,804 62,684 72,938	(2) - - - (18) (35)
- items in the course of collection from other banks
- Hong Kong Government certificates of indebtedness
- reverse repurchase agreements - non-trading
- financial investments
- prepayments, accrued income and other assets	2
Total gross carrying amount on-balance sheet		1,721,179 (8,717)		1,645,418 (8,693)
Loans and other credit-related commitments		626,618 (325)		592,008 (325)
- personal		216,567 269,891 140,160	(10) (307) (8)	207,351 271,022 113,635	(13) (305) (7)
- corporate and commercial
- financial
Financial guarantees		20,009 (52)		23,518 (93)
- personal		837 14,783 4,389	- (49) (3)	927 17,355 5,236	(1) (85) (7)
- corporate and commercial
- financial
Total nominal amount off-balance sheet	3	646,627 (377)		615,526 (418)
		2,367,806 (9,094)		2,260,944 (9,111)

Memorandum Fair value allowance for ECL⁴

$m $m

Memorandum Fair value allowance for ECL⁴

$m $m

Debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income ('FVOCI')

343,960 (95)

343,110 (84)

1 The total ECL is recognised in the loss allowance for the financial asset unless the total ECL exceeds the gross carrying amount of the financial asset, in which case the ECL is recognised as a provision.

2 Includes only those financial instruments that are subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9. 'Prepayments, accrued income and other assets' as presented within the summary consolidated balance sheet on page 16 includes both financial and non-financial assets.

3 Represents the maximum amount at risk should the contracts be fully drawn upon and clients default.

4 Debt instruments measured at FVOCI continue to be measured at fair value with the allowance for ECL as a memorandum item. Change in ECL is recognised in 'Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges' in the income statement.

Summary of credit risk (excluding debt instruments measured at FVOCI) by stage distribution and ECL coverage by industry sector at 30 September 2019

- personal

395,532

476,420

69,112

15,007

53,032

3,662

4,755

8,202

325

- 367

415,294

538,021

73,099

(580)

(677)

(45)

(1,276)

(878)

(21)

(1,185)

(3,675)

(74)

- (170)

(3,041)

(5,400)

(140)

0.1

8.5

1.7

0.6

24.9

44.8

22.8

- 46.3

0.7

1.0

0.2

- corporate and commercial

- non-bank financial institutions

Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost	70,569	258	-	-	70,827	(27)	(1)	-	- (28)	- 0.4	-	- -
Other financial
assets measured at amortised cost	621,710	2,079	145	4	623,938	(36)	(29)	(43)	- (108)	- 1.4	29.7	- -
Loan and other
credit-related commitments	603,254	22,632	726	6	626,618	(132)	(133)	(60)	- (325)	- 0.6	8.3	- 0.1

- personal

833

12,605

4,170

2,012

217

162

837

14,783

4,389

(17)

(2)

(26)

(6)

(1)

(49)

(3)

0.1

1.3

3.7

50.0

0.3

0.1

- corporate and commercial

- financial

Stage 2 days past due analysis at 30 September 2019

Loans and advances to customers at amortised cost

Loans and advances to banks at amortised cost

Gross carrying/nominal amount¹ Allowance for ECL ECL coverage %

Of which: Of which: Of which: Of which: Of which: Of which: 1 to 29 30 and > 1 to 29 30 and > 1 to 29 30 and >

Stage 2 DPD³ DPD³ Stage 2 DPD³ DPD³ Stage 2 DPD³ DPD³

$m $m $m $m $m $m % % %

71,701 2,248 1,513 (2,175) (210) (226) 3.0 9.3 14.9

258 - - (1) - - 0.4 - -

Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

2,079

(29)

1.4

1 Represents the maximum amount at risk should the contracts be fully drawn upon and clients default.

2 Purchased or originated credit-impaired ('POCI').

3 Days past due ('DPD'). Up-to-date accounts in Stage 2 are not shown in amounts presented above.

Summary of credit risk (excluding debt instruments measured at FVOCI) by stage distribution and ECL coverage by industry sector at 31 December 2018

Gross carrying/nominal amount¹						Allowance for ECL						ECL coverage %
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI²					Total	Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3			POCI²	Total Stage 1		Stage 2 Stage 3		POCI²	Total
	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	%	%	%	%	%
Loans and advances to
customers at amortised cost	915,188	61,786	13,023	324	990,321	(1,276)	(2,108)	(5,047)	(194)	(8,625)	0.1	3.4	38.8	59.9	0.9

Loans and advances to
banks at amortised cost	71,873	307	-	-	72,180	(11)	(2)	-	- (13)		- 0.7		-	- -
Other financial assets
measured at amortised cost	581,118	1,673	126	-	582,917	(27)	(6)	(22)	- (55)		- 0.4		17.5	- -
Loan and other credit-
related commitments	569,250	21,839	912	7	592,008	(143)	(139)	(43)	- (325)		- 0.6		4.7	- 0.1

- personal

205,183

251,478

112,589

1,760

19,034

1,045

408

503

207,351

271,022

113,635

(12)

(126)

(5)

(1)

(136)

(2)

(43)

(13)

(305)

(7)

0.1

0.7

0.2

8.5

0.1

- corporate and commercial

- financial

Financial guarantees 20,884 2,334 297 3 23,518 (19) (29) (45) - (93) 0.1 1.2 15.2 - 0.4

- personal

920

15,011

4,953

2,053

278

288

927

17,355

5,236

(1)

(16)

(2)

(25)

(4)

(44)

(1)

(85)

(7)

0.1

1.2

1.4

15.3

20.0

0.1

0.5

0.1

- corporate and commercial

- financial

At 31 Dec 2018 2,158,313 87,939 14,358 334 2,260,944 (1,476) (2,284) (5,157) (194) (9,111) 0.1 2.6 35.9 58.1 0.4

Stage 2 days past due analysis at 31 December 2018

Gross carrying/nominal amount¹ Allowance for ECL ECL coverage %

		Of which:	Of which:		Of which:	Of which:		Of which:	Of which:
		1 to 29	30 and >		1 to 29	30 and >		1 to 29	30 and >
	Stage 2	DPD³	DPD³	Stage 2	DPD³	DPD³	Stage 2	DPD³	DPD³
	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	%	%	%
Loans and advances to
customers at amortised cost	61,786	2,554	1,914	(2,108)	(204)	(254)	3.4	8.0	13.3

- personal

15,075

44,779

1,932

1,807

737

1,383

485

(1,265)

(812)

(31)

(165)

(39)

(220)

(34)

8.4

1.8

1.6

9.1

5.3

15.9

7.0

- corporate and commercial

- non-bank financial institutions

Loans and advances to banks at

amortised cost

307

(2)

- - 0.7

- -

Other financial assets measured at amortised cost

1,673

(6)

- - 0.4

- -

1 Represents the maximum amount at risk should the contracts be fully drawn upon and clients default.

2 Purchased or originated credit-impaired ('POCI').

3 Days past due ('DPD'). Up-to-date accounts in Stage 2 are not shown in amounts presented above.

Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers including loan commitments and financial guarantees

The following disclosure provides a reconciliation by stage of the Group's gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers, including loan commitments and financial guarantees. Movements are calculated on a quarterly basis and therefore fully capture stage movements between quarters. If movements were calculated on a year-to-date basis they would only reflect the opening and closing position of the financial instrument.

The transfers of financial instruments represents the impact of stage transfers upon the gross carrying/nominal amount and associated allowance for ECL.

The net remeasurement of ECL arising from stage transfers represents the increase or decrease due to these transfers, for example, moving from a 12-month (stage 1) to a lifetime (stage 2) ECL measurement basis. Net remeasurement excludes the underlying customer risk rating ('CRR')/probability of default ('PD') movements of the financial instruments transferring stage. This is captured, along with other credit quality movements in the 'changes in risk parameters - credit quality' line item.

Changes in 'New financial assets originated or purchased', 'assets derecognised (including final repayments)' and 'changes to risk parameters - further lending/repayments' represent the impact from volume movements within the Group's lending portfolio.

Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers including loan commitments and financial guarantees

At 1 Jan 2019 Transfers of financial instruments Net remeasurement of ECL arising from transfer of stage	Non-credit impaired Credit impaired Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total Gross Gross Gross Gross Gross carrying/ carrying/ carrying/ carrying/ carrying/ nominal Allowance nominal Allowance nominal Allowance nominal Allowance nominal Allowance amount for ECL amount for ECL amount for ECL amount for ECL amount for ECL $m $m $m $m $m $m $m $m $m $m 1,511,839 (1,449) 86,241 (2,278) 14,232 (5,135) 334 (194) 1,612,646 (9,056) (30,224) (399) 26,379 845 3,845 (446) - - - - - 506 - (498) - (91) - - - (83)
New financial assets originated or purchased	378,176	(404)	-	-	-	-	99	(21) 378,275	(425)
Assets derecognised (including final repayments)	(260,857)	86	(14,700)	346	(2,017)	537	(23)	10 (277,597)	979
Changes to risk parameters - further lending/repayments	(33,379)	218	(65)	116	584	(89)	16	16 (32,844)	261
Changes in risk parameters - credit quality	-	(87)	-	(923)	-	(1,922)	-	(38) -	(2,970)
Changes to model used for ECL calculation	-	(2)	-	1	-	3	-	- -	2
Assets written off	-	-	-	-	(1,927)	1,927	(54)	54 (1,981)	1,981
Credit-related modifications that resulted in derecognition	-	-	-	-	(211)	111	-	- (211)	111
Foreign exchange	(27,078)	38	(1,688)	52	(336)	108	(8)	5 (29,110)	203
Others	(842)	12	656	4	3	(3)	13	(2) (170)	11
At 30 Sep 2019	1,537,635	(1,481)	96,823	(2,335)	14,173	(5,000)	377	(170) 1,649,008	(8,986)
ECL income statement change for the period		317		(958)		(1,562)		(33)	(2,236)
Recoveries	290
Others	(37)
Total ECL income statement change for the period	(1,983)

	At 30 Sep 2019		Nine months ended 30 Sep 2019
	Gross carrying/ nominal amount $m	Allowance for ECL $m	ECL charge $m
As above	1,649,008	(8,986)	(1,983)
Other financial assets measured at amortised cost	623,938	(108)	(27)
Non-trading reverse purchase agreement commitments	94,860	-	-
Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied/Summary consolidated income statement	2,367,806	(9,094)	(2,010)
Debt instruments measured at FVOCI	343,960	(95)	(13)
Total allowance for ECL/total income statement ECL change for the period	n/a	(9,189)	(2,023)

As shown in the above table, the allowance for ECL for loans and advances to customers and banks and relevant loan commitments and financial guarantees decreased $70m during the period from $9,056m at 31 December 2018 to $8,986m at 30 September 2019.

This decrease was primarily driven by:

• $815m relating to volume movements, which included the ECL allowance associated with new originations, assets derecognised and further lending/repayments;

• $1,981m of assets written off; and

• foreign exchange and all other movements of $327m. These decreases were partly offset by increases of:

• $2,970m relating to underlying credit quality changes, including the credit quality impact of financial instruments transferring between stages; and

• $83m relating to the net remeasurement impact of stage transfers.

The ECL charge for the period of $2,236m presented in the above table consisted of $2,970m relating to underlying credit quality changes, including the credit quality impact of financial instruments transferring between stage and $83m relating to the net remeasurement impact of stage transfers. This was partly offset by $815m relating to underlying net book volume movements and $2m in changes to models used for ECL calculation.

Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers including loan commitments and financial guarantees¹

Non-credit impaired Credit impaired

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 POCI Total

	Gross carrying/ nominal amount	Allowance for ECL	Gross carrying/ nominal amount	Allowance for ECL	Gross carrying/ nominal amount	Allowance for ECL	Gross carrying/ nominal amount	Allowance for ECL	Gross carrying/ nominal amount	Allowance for ECL
	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
At 1 Jan 2018	1,446,857	(1,469)	102,032	(2,406)	15,083	(5,722)	1,042	(242)	1,565,014	(9,839)
Transfers of financial instruments	(8,747)	(685)	3,582	1,185	5,165	(500)	-	-	-	-

- transfers from stage 1 to stage 2

(84,181)

319

84,181

(319)

- transfers from stage 2 to stage 1

77,325

(2,250)

359

(999)

(40)

(77,325)

(4,439)

1,165

999

607

(102)

- 6,689

(1,524)

- (642)

142

- transfers to stage 3

- transfers from stage 3

Net remeasurement of ECL arising from transfer of stage	-	620	-	(605)	-	(103)	-	-	-	(88)
Net new lending and further lending/repayments	126,868	(512)	(16,162)	564	(2,902)	733	(587)	42	107,217	827
Changes in risk parameters - credit quality	-	423	-	(1,087)	-	(2,238)	-	(51)	-	(2,953)
Changes to models used for ECL calculation	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Assets written off	-	-	-	-	(2,568)	2,552	(1)	1	(2,569)	2,553
Foreign exchange	(52,983)	76	(2,863)	99	(636)	232	(26)	6	(56,508)	413
Other	(156)	98	(348)	(28)	90	(89)	(94)	50	(508)	31
At 31 Dec 2018	1,511,839	(1,449)	86,241	(2,278)	14,232	(5,135)	334	(194)	1,612,646	(9,056)
ECL income statement change for the period		531		(1,128)		(1,608)		(9)		(2,214)
Recoveries										408
Others										(87)
Total ECL income statement change for the period										(1,893)

At 31 Dec 2018

12 months ended

31 Dec 2018

	Gross carrying/ nominal amount	Allowance for ECL	ECL charge
	$m	$m	$m
As above	1,612,646	(9,056)	(1,893)
Other financial assets measured at amortised cost	582,917	(55)	21
Non-trading reverse purchase agreement commitments	65,381	-	-
Summary of financial instruments to which the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied/Summary consolidated income statement	2,260,944	(9,111)	(1,872)
Debt instruments measured at FVOCI	343,110	(84)	105
Total allowance for ECL/total income statement ECL charge for the period	n/a	(9,195)	(1,767)

1 The 31 December 2018 comparative 'Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers' disclosure presents 'New financial assets originated or purchased', 'Assets derecognised (including final repayments)' and 'Changes to risk parameters - further lending/repayments' under 'Net new lending and further lending/repayments'. To provide greater granularity, these amounts have been separately presented in the 30 September 2019 disclosure. The 31 December 2018 total ECL income statement change of $1,893m is attributable to $1,030m for the nine months ended 30 September 2018 and $863m for the three months ended 31 December 2018.

Personal lending

Total personal lending for loans and advances to customers by stage distribution

	Stage 1 $m	Stage 2 $m	Stage 3 $m	Total $m	Stage 1 $m	Stage 2 $m	Stage 3 $m	Total $m
By portfolio
First lien residential mortgages	297,169	6,457	2,996	306,622	(43)	(67)	(412)	(522)
- of which: interest only (including offset)	29,699	1,603	342	31,644	(6)	(16)	(83)	(105)
- affordability (including US adjustable rate mortgages)	14,357	763	521	15,641	(4)	(3)	(8)	(15)
Other personal lending	98,363	8,550	1,759	108,672	(537)	(1,209)	(773)	(2,519)

At 30 Sep 2019	395,532	15,007	4,755	415,294	(580)	(1,276)	(1,185)	(3,041)
By geography
Europe	171,537	6,537	2,112	180,186	(108)	(510)	(483)	(1,101)
- of which: UK	140,072	5,223	1,418	146,713	(100)	(481)	(275)	(856)
Asia	171,814	5,263	752	177,829	(214)	(325)	(177)	(716)
- of which: Hong Kong	117,267	2,589	243	120,099	(85)	(205)	(43)	(333)
MENA	5,536	261	383	6,180	(58)	(63)	(252)	(373)
North America	40,054	1,954	1,236	43,244	(54)	(104)	(138)	(296)
Latin America	6,591	992	272	7,855	(146)	(274)	(135)	(555)
At 30 Sep 2019	395,532	15,007	4,755	415,294	(580)	(1,276)	(1,185)	(3,041)
By portfolio
First lien residential mortgages	284,103	6,286	2,944	293,333	(41)	(62)	(432)	(535)
- of which: interest only (including offset)	31,874	1,324	338	33,536	(3)	(13)	(92)	(108)
- affordability (including US adjustable rate mortgages)	16,110	1,065	507	17,682	(3)	(4)	(5)	(12)
Other personal lending	90,578	8,789	1,637	101,004	(493)	(1,203)	(716)	(2,412)

At 31 Dec 2018	374,681	15,075	4,581	394,337	(534)	(1,265)	(1,148)	(2,947)
By geography
Europe	169,782	5,731	2,051	177,564	(105)	(453)	(450)	(1,008)
- of which: UK	139,237	4,308	1,315	144,860	(93)	(421)	(219)	(733)
Asia	155,661	5,413	693	161,767	(207)	(353)	(180)	(740)
- of which: Hong Kong	104,909	2,715	169	107,793	(71)	(220)	(39)	(330)
MENA	5,565	350	411	6,326	(61)	(70)	(263)	(394)
North America	38,283	2,552	1,186	42,021	(29)	(90)	(142)	(261)
Latin America	5,390	1,029	240	6,659	(132)	(299)	(113)	(544)
At 31 Dec 2018	374,681	15,075	4,581	394,337	(534)	(1,265)	(1,148)	(2,947)

Wholesale lending

Total wholesale lending for loans and advances to banks and customers at amortised cost

Corporate and commercial Non-bank financial institutions	Stage 1 $m 476,420 69,112	Gross carrying amount Stage 2 Stage 3 $m $m 53,032 8,202 3,662 325		POCI $m 367 -	Total $m 538,021 73,099	Stage 1 $m (677) (45)	Allowance for ECL Stage 2 Stage 3 $m $m (878) (3,675) (21) (74)		POCI $m (170) -	Total $m (5,400) (140)
Loans and advances to banks	70,569	258	-	-	70,827	(27)	(1)	-	-	(28)
At 30 Sep 2019	616,101	56,952	8,527	367	681,947	(749)	(900)	(3,749)	(170)	(5,568)
By geography
Europe	189,113	20,006	4,451	143	213,713	(351)	(496)	(1,461)	(79)	(2,387)
- of which: UK	131,801	16,329	3,151	41	151,322	(285)	(433)	(911)	(29)	(1,658)
Asia	320,343	25,287	1,437	160	347,227	(226)	(209)	(1,018)	(40)	(1,493)
- of which: Hong Kong	194,794	16,694	670	57	212,215	(127)	(123)	(492)	(33)	(775)
MENA	26,094	2,565	1,885	53	30,597	(53)	(70)	(987)	(47)	(1,157)
North America	63,118	8,018	457	-	71,593	(41)	(89)	(114)	-	(244)
Latin America	17,433	1,076	297	11	18,817	(78)	(36)	(169)	(4)	(287)
At 30 Sep 2019	616,101	56,952	8,527	367	681,947	(749)	(900)	(3,749)	(170)	(5,568)

Total wholesale lending for loans and advances to banks and customers at amortised cost (continued)

Gross carrying amount Allowance for ECL

	Stage 1 $m	Stage 2 $m	Stage 3 $m	POCI $m	Total $m	Stage 1 $m	Stage 2 $m	Stage 3 $m	POCI $m	Total $m
Corporate and commercial	481,262	44,779	8,212	324	534,577	(698)	(812)	(3,848)	(194)	(5,552)
- agriculture, forestry and fishing	5,361	1,102	236	2	6,701	(15)	(34)	(117)	(1)	(167)
- mining and quarrying	12,094	1,717	359	2	14,172	(29)	(51)	(94)	(2)	(176)
- manufacture	92,606	11,404	1,569	125	105,704	(132)	(156)	(791)	(83)	(1,162)
- electricity, gas, steam and air- conditioning supply	14,522	1,422	40	60	16,044	(18)	(60)	(15)	(54)	(147)
- water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation	3,335	164	24	-	3,523	(5)	(2)	(17)	-	(24)
- construction	12,919	1,116	1,168	51	15,254	(27)	(41)	(524)	(44)	(636)
- wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles	83,751	12,225	1,652	37	97,665	(115)	(128)	(968)	(7)	(1,218)
- transportation and storage	23,327	1,825	351	38	25,541	(37)	(46)	(82)	(1)	(166)
- accommodation and food	19,385	1,889	270	3	21,547	(43)	(41)	(83)	(1)	(168)
- publishing, audiovisual and broadcasting	19,758	1,224	189	1	21,172	(42)	(16)	(84)	-	(142)
- real estate	116,132	5,985	1,115	1	123,233	(97)	(80)	(594)	-	(771)
- professional, scientific and technical activities	21,282	941	350	-	22,573	(29)	(29)	(113)	-	(171)
- administrative and support services	22,820	1,843	437	3	25,103	(41)	(48)	(166)	(1)	(256)
- public administration and defence, compulsory social security	1,425	30	8	-	1,463	(1)	(3)	(5)	-	(9)
- education	1,713	102	14	-	1,829	(11)	(7)	(6)	-	(24)
- health and care	3,710	457	141	-	4,308	(10)	(16)	(33)	-	(59)
- arts, entertainment and recreation	4,326	676	39	-	5,041	(9)	(9)	(15)	-	(33)
- other services	13,259	411	242	1	13,913	(31)	(31)	(140)	-	(202)
- activities of households	770	59	1	-	830	-	-	-	-	-
- extra-territorial organisations and bodies activities	49	3	7	-	59	-	-	(1)	-	(1)
- government	7,905	168	-	-	8,073	(6)	(1)	-	-	(7)
- asset-backed securities	813	16	-	-	829	-	(13)	-	-	(13)
Non-bank financial institutions	59,245	1,932	230	-	61,407	(44)	(31)	(51)	-	(126)
Loans and advances to banks	71,873	307	-	-	72,180	(11)	(2)	-	-	(13)
At 31 Dec 2018	612,380	47,018	8,442	324	668,164	(753)	(845)	(3,899)	(194)	(5,691)
By geography
Europe	190,387	19,073	4,233	150	213,843	(366)	(529)	(1,598)	(102)	(2,595)
- of which: UK	133,004	15,370	2,928	8	151,310	(313)	(471)	(998)	-	(1,782)
Asia	314,591	17,729	1,736	92	334,148	(179)	(121)	(1,040)	(36)	(1,376)
- of which: Hong Kong	194,186	8,425	729	69	203,409	(99)	(54)	(413)	(35)	(601)
MENA	25,684	2,974	1,769	53	30,480	(73)	(77)	(974)	(46)	(1,170)
North America	62,631	6,928	314	-	69,873	(37)	(107)	(101)	-	(245)
Latin America	19,087	314	390	29	19,820	(98)	(11)	(186)	(10)	(305)
At 31 Dec 2018	612,380	47,018	8,442	324	668,164	(753)	(845)	(3,899)	(194)	(5,691)

Capital adequacy

Key metrics (KM1/IFRS9-FL)

Ref*		Footnotes	30 Sep 2019	30 Jun 2019	31 Mar 2019	31 Dec 2018	30 Sep 2018
Available capital ($bn)		1
1	Common equity tier 1 ('CET1') capital		123.8	126.9	125.8	121.0	123.1
2	CET1 capital as if IFRS 9 transitional arrangements had not been applied		122.9	126.0	124.9	120.0	122.1
3	Tier 1 capital		149.7	152.8	151.8	147.1	149.3
4	Tier 1 capital as if IFRS 9 transitional arrangements had not been applied		148.8	151.9	150.9	146.1	148.3
5	Total capital		175.1	178.3	177.8	173.2	178.1
6	Total capital as if IFRS 9 transitional arrangements had not been applied		174.2	177.4	176.9	172.2	177.1
Risk-weighted assets ('RWAs') ($bn)
7	Total RWAs		865.2	886.0	879.5	865.3	862.7
8	Total RWAs as if IFRS 9 transitional arrangements had not been applied		864.7	885.5	878.9	864.7	862.1
	Capital ratios (%)	1
9	CET1		14.3	14.3	14.3	14.0	14.3
10	CET1 as if IFRS 9 transitional arrangements had not been applied		14.2	14.2	14.2	13.9	14.2
11	Tier 1		17.3	17.2	17.3	17.0	17.3
12	Tier 1 as if IFRS 9 transitional arrangements had not been applied		17.2	17.2	17.2	16.9	17.2
13	Total capital		20.2	20.1	20.2	20.0	20.7
14	Total capital as if IFRS 9 transitional arrangements had not been applied		20.1	20.0	20.1	19.9	20.6
Additional CET1 buffer requirements as a percentage of RWAs (%)
Capital conservation buffer requirement			2.50	2.50	2.50	1.88	1.88
Countercyclical buffer requirement			0.69	0.68	0.67	0.56	0.45
Bank G-SIB and/or D-SIB additional requirements			2.00	2.00	2.00	1.50	1.50
Total bank CET1 specific buffer requirements			5.19	5.18	5.17	3.94	3.83
	Total capital requirement (%)	2
Total capital requirement			11.0	11.0	11.0	10.9	11.5
CET1 available after meeting the bank's minimum capital requirements			8.1	8.1	8.1	7.9	7.8
	Leverage ratio	3
15	Total leverage ratio exposure measure ($bn)		2,708.2	2,786.5	2,735.2	2,614.9	2,676.4
16	Leverage ratio (%)		5.4	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.4
17	Leverage ratio as if IFRS 9 transitional arrangements had not been applied (%)		5.4	5.3	5.4	5.5	5.4
	Liquidity coverage ratio ('LCR')	4
Total high-quality liquid assets ($bn)			513.2	532.8	535.4	567.2	533.2
Total net cash outflow ($bn)			378.0	391.0	374.8	368.7	334.1
LCR ratio (%)			135.8	136.3	142.9	153.8	159.6

* The references in this table and other tables within this section identify the lines prescribed in the relevant European Banking Authority ('EBA') template where applicable and where there is a value.

1 Capital figures and ratios at 30 September 2019 and 30 June 2019 are calculated in accordance with the revisions to the Capital Requirements Regulation ('CRR II') on a transitional basis. Prior period capital figures and ratios are reported under the Capital Requirements Regulation and Directive ('CRD IV') on a transitional basis.

2 Total capital requirement is defined as the sum of Pillar 1 and Pillar 2A capital requirements set by the UK's Prudential Regulation Authority ('PRA'). The minimum requirements represent the total capital requirement to be met by CET1.

3 Leverage ratios at 30 September 2019 and 30 June 2019 are calculated using the CRR II end point basis for additional tier 1 capital. Prior period leverage ratios are calculated using the CRD IV end point basis for capital.

4 The EU's regulatory transitional arrangements for IFRS 9 in article 473a of the Capital Requirements Regulation do not apply to liquidity coverage measures. LCR is calculated as at the end of each period rather than using average values. For further details, refer to page 68 of the Interim Report 2019.

We have adopted the regulatory transitional arrangements for IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments', including paragraph four within article 473a of the Capital Requirements Regulation, published by the European Union ('EU') on 27 December 2017. These transitional arrangements permit banks to add back to their capital base a proportion of the impact that IFRS 9 has upon their loan loss allowances during the first five years of use. The proportion that banks may add back starts at 95% in 2018, and reduces to 25% by 2022. The impact of IFRS 9 on loan loss allowances is defined as:

• the increase in loan loss allowances on day one of IFRS 9 adoption; and

• any subsequent increase in expected credit losses ('ECL') in the non-credit-impaired book thereafter.

The impact is calculated separately for portfolios using the standardised ('STD') and internal ratings based ('IRB') approaches. For IRB portfolios, there is no add-back to capital unless loan loss allowances exceed regulatory 12-month expected losses. Any add-back must be tax affected and accompanied by a recalculation of capital deduction thresholds, exposure and RWAs.

In the current period, the add-back to the capital base amounted to $1.0bn under the STD approach with a tax impact of $0.2bn and a capital deduction threshold impact of $0.1bn. This resulted in a net add-back of $0.9bn.

Capital

Own funds disclosure

Ref		30 Sep 2019 $m	30 Jun 2019 $m
6	Common equity tier 1 capital before regulatory adjustments	159,771	161,348
28	Total regulatory adjustments to common equity tier 1	(35,980)	(34,399)
29	Common equity tier 1 capital	123,791	126,949
36	Additional tier 1 capital before regulatory adjustments	25,946	25,938
43	Total regulatory adjustments to additional tier 1 capital	(60)	(60)
44	Additional tier 1 capital	25,886	25,878
45	Tier 1 capital	149,677	152,827
51	Tier 2 capital before regulatory adjustments	26,725	26,625
57	Total regulatory adjustments to tier 2 capital	(1,279)	(1,193)
58	Tier 2 capital	25,446	25,432
59	Total capital	175,123	178,259

At 30 September 2019, our common equity tier 1 ('CET1') capital ratio remained unchanged from 30 June 2019 at 14.3%. Our CET1 capital decreased by $3.2bn during the quarter, mainly as a result of:

• foreign currency translation differences of $2.6bn;

• a provision of $1.0bn for share buy-backs; and

• other movements totalling $1.1bn, including a $0.5bn increase in the deduction for significant investments. These decreases were partly offset by capital generation of $1.6bn through profits, net of cash and scrip dividends.

Leverage

Leverage ratio

Ref		Footnotes	30 Sep 2019 $bn	30 Jun 2019 $bn
20	Tier 1 capital		146.2	149.3
21	Total leverage ratio exposure		2,708.2	2,786.5
			%	%
22	Leverage ratio		5.4	5.4
EU-23 Choice of transitional arrangements for the definition of the capital measure			Fully phased-in	Fully phased-in
	UK leverage ratio exposure - quarterly average	1	2,570.7	2,550.1
			%	%
	UK leverage ratio - quarterly average	1	5.7	5.8
	UK leverage ratio - quarter end	1	5.8	5.8

1 UK leverage ratio denotes the Group's leverage ratio calculated under the PRA's UK leverage framework and excludes qualifying central bank balances from the calculation of exposure.

Our leverage ratio calculated in accordance with the Capital Requirements Regulation was 5.4% at 30 September 2019, unchanged from 30 June 2019. The decrease in total leverage ratio exposure was primarily due to the impact of foreign currency translation differences on balance sheet exposure and a fall in securities financing transactions.

At 30 September 2019, our UK minimum leverage ratio requirement of 3.25% was supplemented by an additional leverage ratio buffer of 0.7% and a countercyclical leverage ratio buffer of 0.2%. These additional buffers translated into capital values of $17.6bn and $6.0bn respectively. We exceeded these leverage requirements.

Risk-weighted assets

Overview of RWAs (OV1)

Ref		Footnotes	30 Sep 2019	30 Jun 2019	30 Sep 2019
Ref		Footnotes	RWAs $bn	RWAs $bn	Capital requirement¹ $bn
1	Credit risk (excluding counterparty credit risk)		636.6	657.3	50.9
2	- standardised approach		129.3 31.0 476.3	134.8 31.1 491.4	10.3 2.5 38.1
3	- foundation internal ratings based ('IRB') approach
4	- advanced IRB approach
6	Counterparty credit risk		49.6	50.5	3.9
7	- mark-to-market		23.4 20.4 0.5 5.3	26.8 17.4 0.5 5.8	1.9 1.6 - 0.4
10	- internal model method ('IMM')
11	- risk exposure amount for contributions to the default fund of a central counterparty
12	- credit valuation adjustment
13	Settlement risk		0.2	0.1	-
14	Securitisation exposures in the non-trading book		6.9	7.4	0.6
15	- IRB method		2.2 1.0 1.3 2.4	2.5 1.2 2.0 1.7	0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2
17	- IRB internal assessment approach
18	- standardised approach
14a	- exposures subject to the new securitisation framework	2
19	Market risk		36.9	34.8	2.9
20	- standardised approach		8.1 28.8	4.3 30.5	0.6 2.3
21	- internal models approach ('IMA')		8.1 28.8	4.3 30.5	0.6 2.3
23	Operational risk		91.1	91.1	7.3
25	- standardised approach		91.1	91.1	7.3
27	Amounts below the thresholds for deduction (subject to 250% risk weight)		43.9	44.8	3.5
29	Total		865.2	886.0	69.1

1 'Capital requirement' in this and subsequent tables represents the minimum capital charge set at 8% of RWAs by article 92 of the Capital Requirements Regulation.

2 On 1 January 2019, a new securitisation framework came into force in the EU for new transactions. Existing positions are subject to 'grandfathering' provisions and will transfer to the new framework on 1 January 2020. Our exposures subject to the approaches under the new framework at 30 September 2019 include $551m under the external ratings-based approach, $1,065m under the internal assessment approach, and $745m under the standardised approach.

RWAs by global business
	RBWM	CMB	GB&M	GPB	Corporate Centre	Total
	$bn	$bn	$bn	$bn	$bn	$bn
Credit risk	100.1	292.9	166.8	13.2	114.4	687.4
Counterparty credit risk	-	-	48.3	0.2	1.3	49.8
Market risk	-	-	30.8	-	6.1	36.9
Operational risk	27.8	24.4	30.9	2.8	5.2	91.1
At 30 Sep 2019	127.9	317.3	276.8	16.2	127.0	865.2

RWAs by geographical region

Footnotes		Europe $bn	Asia $bn	MENA $bn	North America $bn	Latin America $bn	Total $bn
Credit risk		210.3	293.2	47.8	105.0	31.1	687.4
Counterparty credit risk		28.2	10.4	1.4	8.2	1.6	49.8
Market risk	1	29.1	21.6	1.6	6.2	2.1	36.9
Operational risk		27.4	39.5	6.7	11.7	5.8	91.1
At 30 Sep 2019		295.0	364.7	57.5	131.1	40.6	865.2

1 RWAs are non-additive across geographical regions due to market risk diversification effects within the Group.

RWA movement by global business by key driver

	Credit risk, counterparty credit risk and operational risk					Market risk $bn	Total RWAs $bn
	RBWM $bn	CMB $bn	GB&M $bn	GPB $bn	Corporate Centre $bn	Market risk $bn	Total RWAs $bn
RWAs at 1 Jul 2019	129.0	327.6	252.2	16.5	125.9	34.8	886.0
Asset size	2.3	2.4	(0.2)	(0.2)	(3.7)	2.4	3.0
Asset quality	0.2	1.5	2.7	(0.1)	0.4	0.2	4.9
Model updates	(0.5)	(0.2)	(0.8)	-	-	-	(1.5)
Methodology and policy	(1.2)	(7.7)	(4.6)	0.1	(0.5)	(0.5)	(14.4)
Foreign exchange movements	(1.9)	(6.3)	(3.3)	(0.1)	(1.2)	-	(12.8)
Total RWA movement	(1.1)	(10.3)	(6.2)	(0.3)	(5.0)	2.1	(20.8)
RWAs at 30 Sep 2019	127.9	317.3	246.0	16.2	120.9	36.9	865.2

RWA movement by geographical region by key driver

	Credit risk, counterparty credit risk and operational risk					Market risk $bn	Total RWAs $bn
	Europe $bn	Asia $bn	MENA $bn	North America $bn	Latin America $bn	Market risk $bn	Total RWAs $bn
RWAs at 1 Jul 2019	280.8	351.0	55.9	124.9	38.6	34.8	886.0
Asset size	0.6	0.6	0.1	(0.5)	(0.2)	2.4	3.0
Asset quality	0.7	0.5	(0.1)	1.3	2.3	0.2	4.9
Model updates	(1.0)	(0.5)	-	-	-	-	(1.5)
Methodology and policy	(8.1)	(5.1)	(0.2)	(0.5)	-	(0.5)	(14.4)
Foreign exchange movements	(7.1)	(3.4)	0.2	(0.3)	(2.2)	-	(12.8)
Total RWA movement	(14.9)	(7.9)	-	-	(0.1)	2.1	(20.8)
RWAs at 30 Sep 2019	265.9	343.1	55.9	124.9	38.5	36.9	865.2

RWAs

Risk-weighted assets ('RWAs') fell by $20.8bn during 3Q19, including a reduction of $12.8bn due to foreign currency translation differences. The $8.0bn decrease (excluding foreign currency translation differences) comprised reductions of $14.4bn due to methodology and policy changes and $1.5bn due to model updates, partly offset by growth of $4.9bn from changes in asset quality and of $3.0bn from asset size.

Asset size

The $3.0bn increase due to asset size movements was driven by lending growth of $2.4bn in CMB and $2.3bn in RBWM, primarily in North America, Asia and Europe, and a $2.4bn increase in market risk levels. This growth was partly offset by a $3.7bn fall in RWAs within Corporate Centre, mainly in Asia.

Asset quality

The $4.9bn increase as a result of changes in asset quality mainly comprised a $2.4bn increase due to the impact of the credit downgrade of Argentina, and a $2.4bn rise in Europe and North America due to changes in the portfolio mix of GB&M assets.

Model updates

The $1.5bn reduction in RWAs from model updates included the effect of extending counterparty credit risk models to GB&M exposures in France, and updates to UK retail models and to corporate models in Asia.

Methodology and policy

The $14.4bn fall in RWAs due to methodology and policy changes was mainly due to risk parameter refinements and improved collateral recognition, which reduced RWAs by $7.0bn, and a change to our best estimate of expected loss on corporate exposures, which reduced RWAs by $6.3bn, primarily in CMB's UK portfolio.

RWA flow statements of credit risk exposures under IRB approach¹ (CR8)

Ref		RWAs $bn	Capital requirement $bn
1	RWAs at 1 Jul 2019	522.5	41.8
2	Asset size	0.8	0.1
3	Asset quality	4.4	0.4
4	Model updates	(0.5)	-
5	Methodology and policy	(9.9) (0.9)
7	Foreign exchange movements	(10.0) (0.8)
9	RWAs at 30 Sep 2019	507.3	40.6

1 Securitisation positions are not included in this table.

RWAs under the IRB approach fell by $15.2bn during 3Q19, including a decrease of $10.0bn due to foreign currency translation differences. The $5.2bn reduction (excluding foreign currency translation differences) was primarily due to methodology and policy-driven decreases of $9.9bn, partly offset by asset quality growth of $4.4bn.

Asset quality

The $4.4bn growth in RWAs from asset quality included a $1.6bn increase due to the impact of the credit downgrade of Argentina and a

$2.4bn rise due to changes in the portfolio mix of GB&M assets.

Methodology and policy

The $9.9bn decrease from methodology and policy changes primarily comprised a reduction in RWAs of $6.3bn from a change to our best estimate of expected loss on corporate exposures and reductions due to risk parameter refinements.

RWA flow statements of counterparty credit risk exposures under the IMM (CCR7)

Ref		RWAs $bn	Capital requirement $bn
1	RWAs at 1 Jul 2019	21.5	1.7
2	Asset size	0.7	0.1
4	Model updates	2.8	0.2
9	RWAs at 30 Sep 2019	25.0	2.0

RWAs under the IMM grew by $3.5bn in 3Q19 due to the extension of counterparty credit models to France of $2.8bn, and asset size increases of $0.7bn.

RWA flow statements of market risk exposures under the IMA (MR2-B)

Ref		VaR $bn	Stressed VaR $bn	IRC $bn	Other $bn	Total RWAs $bn	Capital requirement $bn
1	RWAs at 1 Jul 2019	6.5	9.4	11.1	3.5	30.5	2.4
2	Movement in risk levels	(0.4)	(0.6)	(0.5)	0.3	(1.2)	(0.1)
4	Methodology and policy	(0.1)	(0.2)	-	(0.2)	(0.5)	-
8	RWAs at 30 Sep 2019	6.0	8.6	10.6	3.6	28.8	2.3

RWAs under the IMA decreased by $1.7bn, comprising reductions in risk levels of $1.2bn, and decreases due to methodology and policy changes of $0.5bn. The reduction in risk levels was largely caused by a $1.2bn decrease in modelled RWAs as a result of decreased debt securities exposures in Europe and North America.

Minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities

From 1 January 2019, a requirement was introduced for total loss-absorbing capacity ('TLAC'), as defined in the final standards adopted by the Financial Stability Board. In the EU, TLAC requirements were implemented via CRR II, which came into force in June 2019 and included a new framework on minimum requirement for own funds and eligible liabilities ('MREL').

MREL includes own funds and liabilities that can be written down or converted into capital resources in order to absorb losses or recapitalise a bank in the event of its failure. The new framework is complemented by disclosure requirements. As the specific EU format is yet to be agreed, the disclosures are based on the formats provided in the Basel Committee Standards for Pillar 3 disclosures.

In line with our existing structure and business model, we have three resolution groups - namely the European resolution group, the Asian resolution group and the US resolution group. Smaller entities outside these resolution groups can be separately resolved.

The following table summarises key metrics for each of the Group's three resolution groups.

Key metrics of the resolution groups (KM2)

Resolution groups

European¹ Asian² US³

		At 30 Sep 2019	At 30 Jun 2019	At 30 Sep 2019	At 30 Jun 2019	At 30 Sep 2019	At 30 Jun 2019
1	Total loss absorbing capacity ('TLAC') available ($m)	95,474	97,256	97,244	97,040	30,184	31,739
1a	Fully loaded ECL accounting model TLAC available ($m)	95,282	97,055	97,244	97,040	N/A	N/A
2	Total RWAs at the level of the resolution group ($m)	316,766	321,149	370,590	371,100	139,016	140,762
3	TLAC as a percentage of RWA (row1/row2) (%)	30.1	30.3	26.2	26.1	21.7	22.5
3a	Fully loaded ECL accounting model TLAC as a percentage of fully loaded ECL accounting model RWA (%)	30.1	30.2	26.2	26.1	N/A	N/A
4	Leverage exposure measure at the level of the resolution group ($m)	1,132,679	1,176,134	1,024,554	1,041,168	372,556	362,621
5	TLAC as a percentage of leverage exposure measure (row1/row4) (%)	8.4	8.3	9.5	9.3	8.1	8.8
5a	Fully loaded ECL accounting model TLAC as a percentage of fully loaded ECL accounting model leverage exposure measure (%)	8.4	8.3	9.5	9.3	N/A	N/A
6a	Does the subordination exemption in the antepenultimate paragraph of section 11 of the FSB TLAC term sheet apply?	No	No	No	No	No	No
6b	Does the subordination exemption in the penultimate paragraph of section 11 of the FSB TLAC term sheet apply?	No	No	No	No	No	No
6c	If the capped subordination exemption applies, the amount of funding issued that ranks pari passu with excluded liabilities and that is recognised as external TLAC, divided by funding issued that ranks pari passu with excluded liabilities and that would be recognised as external TLAC if no cap was applied (%)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A

1 The European resolution group reports in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Capital Requirements Regulation as amended by CRR II. Unless otherwise stated, all figures are calculated using the EU's regulatory transitional arrangements for IFRS 9 in article 473a of the Capital Requirements Regulation.

2 Reporting for the Asian resolution group follows the Hong Kong Monetary Authority regulatory rules. IFRS 9 has been implemented but no regulatory transitional arrangements apply.

3 Reporting for the US resolution group is prepared in accordance with local regulatory rules. The US accounting standard for current expected credit losses corresponding to IFRS 9 is not yet effective. Leverage exposure and ratio are calculated under the US supplementary leverage ratio rules.

Disclosure of the main features of capital and other loss absorbing instruments for the resolution groups is published on our website, www.hsbc.com/investors/fixed-income-investors/regulatory-capital-securities.

For further details on the Group's MREL and resolution groups, refer to page 40 of the Group's Pillar 3 Disclosures at 30 June 2019 document.

Summary information - global businesses

HSBC adjusted profit before tax

Footnotes	Nine months ended 30 Sep 2019
Footnotes	Retail Banking and Wealth Management $m	Commercial Banking $m	Global Banking and Markets $m	Global Private Banking $m	Corporate Centre $m	Total $m
Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges 1	17,547	11,607	11,176	1,396	36	41,762
of which: net interest income/(expense)	12,339	8,461	4,224	662	(2,760)	22,926
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment (charges)/ recoveries	(989)	(907)	(121)	(25)	19	(2,023)
Net operating income	16,558	10,700	11,055	1,371	55	39,739
Total operating expenses	(10,472)	(5,043)	(6,990)	(1,052)	(154)	(23,711)
Operating profit/(loss)	6,086	5,657	4,065	319	(99)	16,028
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures	51	-	-	-	1,785	1,836
Adjusted profit before tax	6,137	5,657	4,065	319	1,686	17,864
	% % % % % %
Share of HSBC's adjusted profit before tax	34.3	31.7	22.8	1.8	9.4	100.0
Adjusted cost efficiency ratio	59.7	43.4	62.5	75.4	427.8	56.8

Nine months ended 30 Sep 2018

Net operating income/(expense) before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges	1	16,293	10,792	11,986	1,334	(537)	39,868
of which: net interest income/(expense)		11,397	7,623	3,700	654	(1,407)	21,967
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment (charges)/ recoveries		(797)	(274)	96	16	113	(846)
Net operating income		15,496	10,518	12,082	1,350	(424)	39,022
Total operating expenses		(9,856)	(4,707)	(6,886)	(1,070)	(584)	(23,103)
Operating profit		5,640	5,811	5,196	280	(1,008)	15,919
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures		21	-	-	-	1,874	1,895
Adjusted profit before tax		5,661	5,811	5,196	280	866	17,814
		%	%	%	%	%	%
Share of HSBC's adjusted profit before tax		31.8	32.6	29.2	1.6	4.9	100.0
Adjusted cost efficiency ratio		60.5	43.6	57.5	80.2	(108.8)	57.9
For footnotes, see page 32.

HSBC adjusted profit before tax (continued)

Footnotes	Quarter ended 30 Sep 2019
Footnotes	Retail Banking and Wealth Management $m	Commercial Banking $m	Global Banking and Markets $m	Global Private Banking $m	Corporate Centre $m	Total $m
Net operating income/(expense) before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges 1	5,628	3,791	3,470	472	(94)	13,267
of which: net interest income/(expense)	4,184	2,808	1,363	221	(890)	7,686
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment (charges)/recoveries	(449)	(413)	(26)	(6)	11	(883)
Net operating income/(expense)	5,179	3,378	3,444	466	(83)	12,384
Total operating expenses	(3,491)	(1,746)	(2,203)	(343)	235	(7,548)
Operating profit	1,688	1,632	1,241	123	152	4,836
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures	8	-	-	-	504	512
Adjusted profit before tax	1,696	1,632	1,241	123	656	5,348
	% % % % % %
Share of HSBC's adjusted profit before tax	31.7	30.5	23.2	2.3	12.3	100.0
Adjusted cost efficiency ratio	62.0	46.1	63.5	72.7	250.0	56.9

Quarter ended 30 Jun 2019
Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges	1	5,869	3,839	3,592	471	110	13,881
of which: net interest income/(expense)		4,133	2,814	1,424	224	(925)	7,670
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment (charges)/recoveries		(231)	(244)	(56)	(16)	2	(545)
Net operating income		5,638	3,595	3,536	455	112	13,336
Total operating expenses		(3,475)	(1,616)	(2,353)	(357)	(150)	(7,951)
Operating profit/(loss)		2,163	1,979	1,183	98	(38)	5,385
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures		32	-	-	-	684	716
Adjusted profit before tax		2,195	1,979	1,183	98	646	6,101
		%	%	%	%	%	%
Share of HSBC's adjusted profit before tax		36.0	32.4	19.4	1.6	10.6	100.0
Adjusted cost efficiency ratio		59.2	42.1	65.5	75.8	136.4	57.3
Quarter ended 30 Sep 2018
Net operating income/(expense) before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges	1	5,624	3,653	4,070	427	(288)	13,486
of which: net interest income/(expense)		4,008	2,637	1,315	218	(686)	7,492
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment (charges)/recoveries		(283)	(237)	(8)	11	28	(489)
Net operating income/(expense)		5,341	3,416	4,062	438	(260)	12,997
Total operating expenses		(3,273)	(1,579)	(2,297)	(345)	7	(7,487)
Operating profit/(loss)		2,068	1,837	1,765	93	(253)	5,510
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures		4	-	-	-	578	582
Adjusted profit before tax		2,072	1,837	1,765	93	325	6,092
		%	%	%	%	%	%
Share of HSBC's adjusted profit before tax		34.0	30.2	29.0	1.5	5.3	100.0
Adjusted cost efficiency ratio		58.2	43.2	56.4	80.8	2.4	55.5

1 Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges, also referred to as 'revenue'.

Global Private Banking - reported client assets¹

Quarter ended

	30 Sep 2019 $bn	30 Jun 30 Sep 2019 2018 $bn $bn
Opening balance	341	335 330
Net new money	5	4 2
Value change	(2)	1 (3)
Disposals	-	- -
Exchange and other	(6)	1 (3)
Closing balance	338	341 326

Global Private Banking - reported client assets by geography¹

Quarter ended

Footnotes		30 Sep 2019 $bn	30 Jun 2019 $bn	30 Sep 2018 $bn
Europe		155	160	158
Asia		143	143	129
North America		40	38	39
Latin America		-	-	-
Middle East	2	-	-	-
Closing balance		338	341	326

1 Client assets are translated at the rates of exchange applicable for their respective period-ends, with the effects of currency translation reported separately. The main components of client assets are funds under management, which are not reported on the Group's balance sheet, and customer deposits, which are reported on the Group's balance sheet.

2 'Middle East' is an offshore business, therefore client assets are booked across to various regions, primarily in Europe.

Summary information - geographical regions

HSBC reported profit/(loss) before tax

	Nine months ended 30 Sep 2019
	Europe $m	Asia $m	MENA $m	North America $m	Latin America $m	Intra-HSBC items $m	Total $m
Net interest income	4,251	12,394	1,349	2,461	1,546	807	22,808
Net fee income	2,744	4,105	491	1,347	398	-	9,085
Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis	2,995	3,660	252	652	597	(279)	7,877
Net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss	1,262	1,082	-	-	(26)	-	2,318
Changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	1,051	15	-	24	55	(528)	617
Other income/(expense)¹	1,178	1,918	854	500	9	(4,437)	22
Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges²	13,481	23,174	2,946	4,984	2,579	(4,437)	42,727
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges	(810)	(542)	(65)	(140)	(466)	-	(2,023)
Net operating income	12,671	22,632	2,881	4,844	2,113	(4,437)	40,704
Total operating expenses	(13,633)	(9,795)	(1,052)	(3,799)	(1,454)	4,437	(25,296)
Operating profit/(loss)	(962)	12,837	1,829	1,045	659	-	15,408
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures	18	1,594	212	-	12	-	1,836
Profit/(loss) before tax	(944)	14,431	2,041	1,045	671	-	17,244
	% % % % % %
Share of HSBC's profit before tax	(5.5)	83.7	11.8	6.1	3.9		100.0
Cost efficiency ratio	101.1	42.3	35.7	76.2	56.4		59.2

Nine months ended 30 Sep 2018

Net interest income	5,212	11,976	1,332	2,632	1,450	178	22,780
Net fee income	3,086	4,477	463	1,397	370	-	9,793
Net income from financial instruments held for
trading or managed on a fair value basis	3,048	3,070	197	651	523	(4)	7,485
Net income from assets and liabilities of insurance
businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss	(36)	(14)	-	-	6	-	(44)
Changes in fair value of other financial instruments
mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	696	(26)	2	30	17	(178)	541
Other income/(expense)¹	1,702	2,418	25	442	(247)	(3,810)	530
Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges²	13,708	21,901	2,019	5,152	2,119	(3,814)	41,085
Change in expected credit losses and other credit
impairment (charges)/recoveries	(187)	(405)	(203)	264	(383)	-	(914)
Net operating income	13,521	21,496	1,816	5,416	1,736	(3,814)	40,171
Total operating expenses	(12,798)	(9,263)	(1,009)	(4,907)	(1,352)	3,814	(25,515)
Operating profit	723	12,233	807	509	384	-	14,656
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures	21	1,606	351	-	-	-	1,978
Profit before tax	744	13,839	1,158	509	384	-	16,634
	%	%	%	%	%		%
Share of HSBC's profit before tax	4.5	83.2	6.9	3.1	2.3		100.0
Cost efficiency ratio	93.4	42.3	50.0	95.2	63.8		62.1
For footnotes, see page 36.

HSBC reported profit/(loss) before tax (continued)

	Quarter ended 30 Sep 2019
	Europe $m	Asia $m	MENA $m	North America $m	Latin America $m	Intra-HSBC items $m	Total $m
Net interest income	942	4,212	452	776	470	716	7,568
Net fee income	875	1,340	165	444	137	-	2,961
Net income from financial instruments held for trading or managed on a fair value basis	1,158	1,308	77	240	194	(431)	2,546
Net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss	206	(35)	-	-	(49)	-	122
Changes in fair value of other financial instruments mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	455	1	(1)	9	(20)	(284)	160
Other income/(expense)¹	593	889	10	150	(53)	(1,591)	(2)
Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges²	4,229	7,715	703	1,619	679	(1,590)	13,355
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges	(274)	(282)	(16)	(80)	(231)	-	(883)
Net operating income	3,955	7,433	687	1,539	448	(1,590)	12,472
Total operating expenses	(4,389)	(3,305)	(358)	(1,240)	(445)	1,590	(8,147)
Operating profit/(loss)	(434)	4,128	329	299	3	-	4,325
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures	10	523	(24)	-	3	-	512
Profit/(loss) before tax	(424)	4,651	305	299	6	-	4,837
	% % % % % %
Share of HSBC's profit before tax	(8.8)	96.2	6.3	6.2	0.1		100.0
Cost efficiency ratio	103.8	42.8	50.9	76.6	65.5		61.0

Quarter ended 30 June 2019

Net interest income	1,785	4,186	460	832	568	(59)	7,772
Net fee income	958	1,356	167	479	138	-	3,098
Net income from financial instruments held for
trading or managed on a fair value basis	630	1,143	71	194	188	224	2,450
Net income from assets and liabilities of insurance
businesses, including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss	309	169	-	-	8	-	486
Changes in fair value of other financial instruments
mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	305	6	2	13	28	(167)	187
Other income/(expense)¹	660	780	841	171	(1)	(1,500)	951
Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges²	4,647	7,640	1,541	1,689	929	(1,502)	14,944
Change in expected credit losses and other credit
impairment charges	(233)	(102)	(43)	(57)	(120)	-	(555)
Net operating income	4,414	7,538	1,498	1,632	809	(1,502)	14,389
Total operating expenses	(4,926)	(3,359)	(349)	(1,265)	(530)	1,502	(8,927)
Operating profit/(loss)	(512)	4,179	1,149	367	279	-	5,462
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures	6	595	122	-	9	-	732
Profit/(loss) before tax	(506)	4,774	1,271	367	288	-	6,194
	%	%	%	%	%		%
Share of HSBC's profit before tax	(8.2)	77.2	20.5	5.9	4.6		100.0
Cost efficiency ratio	106.0	44.0	22.6	74.9	57.1		59.7
For footnotes, see page 36.

HSBC reported profit/(loss) before tax (continued)

Quarter ended 30 Sep 2018

	Europe	Asia	MENA	North America	Latin America	Intra-HSBC items	Total
	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Net interest income	1,685	4,155	468	885	411	76	7,680
Net fee income	976	1,338	143	467	102	-	3,026
Net income from financial instruments held for trading or
managed on a fair value basis	1,122	1,089	50	195	139	7	2,602
Net income from assets and liabilities of insurance businesses,
including related derivatives, measured at fair value through profit or loss	105	65	-	-	8	-	178
Changes in fair value of other financial instruments
mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	272	(10)	3	11	7	(87)	196
Other income/(expense)¹	677	752	(1)	182	(144)	(1,350)	116
Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges²	4,837	7,389	663	1,740	523	(1,354)	13,798
Change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment
(charges)/recoveries	-	(289)	(100)	30	(148)	-	(507)
Net operating income	4,837	7,100	563	1,770	375	(1,354)	13,291
Total operating expenses	(4,206)	(3,153)	(323)	(1,303)	(335)	1,354	(7,966)
Operating profit	631	3,947	240	467	40	-	5,325
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures	3	512	82	-	-	-	597
Profit before tax	634	4,459	322	467	40	-	5,922
	%	%	%	%	%		%
Share of HSBC's profit before tax	10.7	75.3	5.4	7.9	0.7		100.0
Cost efficiency ratio	87.0	42.7	48.7	74.9	64.1		57.7

1 Other income in this context comprises where applicable changes in fair value of long-term debt and related derivatives, gains less losses from financial investments, dividend income, net insurance premium income and other operating income less net insurance claims and benefits paid and movement in liabilities to policyholders.

2 Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges, also referred to as 'revenue'.

Appendix - selected information

Analysis of significant items by global business, geographical regions and countries/territories is presented below.

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - global businesses

			Nine months ended 30 Sep 2019
		Retail
		Banking	Global
		and Wealth	Commercial Banking Global Private	Corporate
		Management	Banking and Markets Banking	Centre	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m $m $m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		17,434	11,598 11,143 1,396	1,156	42,727
Significant items		113	9 33 -	(1,120)	(965)
Adjusted		17,547	11,607 11,176 1,396	36	41,762
ECL
Reported		(989)	(907) (121) (25)	19	(2,023)
Adjusted		(989)	(907) (121) (25)	19	(2,023)
Operating expenses
Reported		(11,605)	(5,089) (7,156) (1,006)	(440)	(25,296)
Significant items		1,133	46 166 (46)	286	1,585
Adjusted		(10,472)	(5,043) (6,990) (1,052)	(154)	(23,711)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		51	- - -	1,785	1,836
Adjusted		51	- - -	1,785	1,836
Profit before tax
Reported		4,891	5,602 3,866 365	2,520	17,244
Significant items		1,246	55 199 (46)	(834)	620
Adjusted		6,137	5,657 4,065 319	1,686	17,864
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported		376,312	341,339 252,462 46,132	1,588	1,017,833
Adjusted		376,312	341,339 252,462 46,132	1,588	1,017,833
Customer accounts
Reported		655,592	353,037 295,900 61,464	7,748	1,373,741
Adjusted		655,592	353,037 295,900 61,464	7,748	1,373,741

For footnotes, see page 41.

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - global businesses (continued)

Nine months ended 30 Sep 2018

		Retail Banking and Wealth Management	Commercial Banking	Global Banking and Markets	Global Private Banking	Corporate Centre	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		16,818	11,235	12,522	1,361	(851)	41,085
Currency translation		(532)	(399)	(466)	(27)	(90)	(1,514)
Significant items		7	(44)	(70)	-	404	297

Adjusted		16,293	10,792	11,986	1,334	(537)	39,868
ECL
Reported		(838)	(295)	90	16	113	(914)
Currency translation		41	21	6	-	-	68
Adjusted		(797)	(274)	96	16	113	(846)
Operating expenses
Reported		(10,457)	(4,906)	(7,077)	(1,195)	(1,880)	(25,515)
Currency translation		435	188	272	27	108	1,030
Significant items		166	11	(81)	98	1,188	1,382
- costs of structural reform	3	3	5	27	-	265	300
- customer redress programmes		156	6	-	-	-	162
- disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses		-	-	-	54	-	54
- restructuring and other related costs		-	-	-	7	44	51
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters		16	-	(110)	42	892	840
- currency translation on significant items		(9)	-	2	(5)	(13)	(25)
Adjusted		(9,856)	(4,707)	(6,886)	(1,070)	(584)	(23,103)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		21	-	-	-	1,957	1,978
Currency translation		-	-	-	-	(83)	(83)
Adjusted		21	-	-	-	1,874	1,895
Profit/(loss) before tax
Reported		5,544	6,034	5,535	182	(661)	16,634
Currency translation		(56)	(190)	(188)	-	(65)	(499)
Significant items		173	(33)	(151)	98	1,592	1,679

Adjusted	5,661		5,811	5,196	280	866	17,814
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	356,453		332,649	250,674	39,210	2,474	981,460
Currency translation	(11,327)		(8,369)	(6,005)	(807)	(122)	(26,630)
Adjusted	345,126		324,280	244,669	38,403	2,352	954,830
Customer accounts
Reported	636,603		352,477	285,525	63,717	7,053	1,345,375
Currency translation	(13,959)		(8,826)	(8,583)	(1,652)	(280)	(33,300)
Adjusted	622,644		343,651	276,942	62,065	6,773	1,312,075
For footnotes, see page 41.

				Quarter ended 30 Sep 2019
		Retail
		Banking		Global
		and Wealth	Commercial	Banking Global Private	Corporate
		Management	Banking	and Markets Banking	Centre	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m $m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		5,515	3,782	3,507 472	79	13,355
Significant items		113	9	(37) -	(173)	(88)
Adjusted		5,628	3,791	3,470 472	(94)	13,267
ECL
Reported		(449)	(413)	(26) (6)	11	(883)
Adjusted		(449)	(413)	(26) (6)	11	(883)
Operating expenses
Reported		(3,966)	(1,765)	(2,249) (284)	117	(8,147)
Significant items		475	19	46 (59)	118	599
Adjusted		(3,491)	(1,746)	(2,203) (343)	235	(7,548)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		8	-	- -	504	512
Adjusted		8	-	- -	504	512
Profit before tax
Reported		1,108	1,604	1,232 182	711	4,837
Significant items		588	28	9 (59)	(55)	511
Adjusted		1,696	1,632	1,241 123	656	5,348
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported		376,312	341,339	252,462 46,132	1,588	1,017,833
Adjusted		376,312	341,339	252,462 46,132	1,588	1,017,833
Customer accounts
Reported		655,592	353,037	295,900 61,464	7,748	1,373,741
Adjusted		655,592	353,037	295,900 61,464	7,748	1,373,741

For footnotes, see page 41.

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - global businesses (continued)

Quarter ended 30 June 2019

		Retail Banking and Wealth Management	Commercial Banking	Global Banking and Markets	Global Private Banking	Corporate Centre	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		5,948	3,895	3,621	474	1,006	14,944
Currency translation		(79)	(56)	(46)	(3)	(24)	(208)
Significant items		-	-	17	-	(872)	(855)
- disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses		-	-	-	-	(827)	(827)
- fair value movement on financial instruments	2	-	-	17	-	(45)	(28)
- currency translation on significant items		-	-	-	-	-	-
Adjusted		5,869	3,839	3,592	471	110	13,881
ECL
Reported		(238)	(247)	(55)	(17)	2	(555)
Currency translation		7	3	(1)	1	-	10
Adjusted		(231)	(244)	(56)	(16)	2	(545)
Operating expenses
Reported		(4,131)	(1,662)	(2,467)	(370)	(297)	(8,927)
Currency translation		80	24	45	2	25	176
Significant items		576	22	69	11	122	800
- costs of structural reform	3	-	2	16	-	20	38
- customer redress programmes		559	(1)	(4)	-	-	554
- restructuring and other related costs		42	22	57	12	104	237
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters		-	-	-	(1)	(1)	(2)
- currency translation on significant items		(25)	(1)	-	-	(1)	(27)
Adjusted		(3,475)	(1,616)	(2,353)	(357)	(150)	(7,951)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		30	-	-	-	702	732
Currency translation		2	-	-	-	(18)	(16)
Adjusted		32	-	-	-	684	716
Profit before tax
Reported		1,609	1,986	1,099	87	1,413	6,194
Currency translation		10	(29)	(2)	-	(17)	(38)
Significant items		576	22	86	11	(750)	(55)

Adjusted	2,195		1,979	1,183	98	646	6,101
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	376,126		347,387	250,790	45,806	1,523	1,021,632
Currency translation	(7,831)		(6,510)	(4,630)	(725)	(46)	(19,742)
Adjusted	368,295		340,877	246,160	45,081	1,477	1,001,890
Customer accounts
Reported	660,588		358,735	289,950	62,235	8,616	1,380,124
Currency translation	(10,447)		(6,676)	(6,529)	(1,225)	(321)	(25,198)
Adjusted	650,141		352,059	283,421	61,010	8,295	1,354,926
For footnotes, see page 41.

Quarter ended 30 Sep 2018

		Retail Banking and Wealth Management	Commercial Banking	Global Banking and Markets	Global Private Banking	Corporate Centre	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		5,760	3,750	4,192	432	(336)	13,798
Currency translation		(136)	(97)	(114)	(5)	(3)	(355)
Significant items		-	-	(8)	-	51	43

Adjusted		5,624	3,653	4,070	427	(288)	13,486
ECL
Reported		(295)	(240)	(7)	12	23	(507)
Currency translation		12	3	(1)	(1)	5	18
Adjusted		(283)	(237)	(8)	11	28	(489)
Operating expenses
Reported		(3,437)	(1,625)	(2,375)	(408)	(121)	(7,966)
Currency translation		103	43	71	7	37	261
Significant items		61	3	7	56	91	218
- costs of structural reform	3	2	3	11	-	73	89
- customer redress programmes		62	-	-	-	-	62
- disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses		-	-	-	51	-	51
- restructuring and other related costs		-	-	-	7	20	27
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters		-	-	(2)	1	-	(1)
- currency translation on significant items		(3)	-	(2)	(3)	(2)	(10)
Adjusted		(3,273)	(1,579)	(2,297)	(345)	7	(7,487)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		4	-	-	-	593	597
Currency translation		-	-	-	-	(15)	(15)
Adjusted		4	-	-	-	578	582
Profit before tax
Reported		2,032	1,885	1,810	36	159	5,922
Currency translation		(21)	(51)	(44)	1	24	(91)
Significant items		61	3	(1)	56	142	261

Adjusted	2,072		1,837	1,765	93	325	6,092
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	356,453		332,649	250,674	39,210	2,474	981,460
Currency translation	(11,327)		(8,369)	(6,005)	(807)	(122)	(26,630)
Adjusted	345,126		324,280	244,669	38,403	2,352	954,830
Customer accounts
Reported	636,603		352,477	285,525	63,717	7,053	1,345,375
Currency translation	(13,959)		(8,826)	(8,583)	(1,652)	(280)	(33,300)
Adjusted	622,644		343,651	276,942	62,065	6,773	1,312,075

1 Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges, also referred to as 'revenue'.

2 Includes fair value movements on non-qualifying hedges and DVA on derivative contracts.

Reconciliation of reported and adjusted risk-weighted assets

	Retail Banking and Wealth Management	Commercial Banking	Global Banking Global Private and Markets Banking		Corporate Centre	Total
	$bn	$bn	$bn $bn		$bn	$bn
Risk-weighted assets
Reported	127.9	317.3	276.8 16.2		127.0	865.2
Disposals	-	-	- -		(0.8)	(0.8)
- operations in Brazil	-	-	-	-	(0.8)	(0.8)
Adjusted	127.9	317.3	276.8 16.2		126.2	864.4

			At 30 Jun 2019
Risk-weighted assets
Reported	129.0	327.6	284.5 16.5		128.4	886.0
Currency translation	(1.9)	(6.3)	(3.3) (0.1)		(1.2)	(12.8)
Disposals	-	-	- -		(0.8)	(0.8)
- operations in Brazil	-	-	-	-	(0.8)	(0.8)
Adjusted	127.1	321.3	281.2 16.4		126.4	872.4

			At 30 Sep 2018
Risk-weighted assets
Reported	125.0	317.1	277.5 16.3		126.8	862.7
Currency translation	(2.4)	(7.9)	(3.8) (0.3)		(0.8)	(15.2)
Disposals	-	-	- -		(2.7)	(2.7)
- operations in Brazil	-	-	-	-	(2.7)	(2.7)
Adjusted	122.6	309.2	273.7 16.0		123.3	844.8

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories

Footnotes		Nine months ended 30 Sep 2019
		Europe $m	Asia $m	MENA $m	North America $m	Latin America $m	Total $m
Revenue	1
Reported	2	13,481	23,174	2,946	4,984	2,579	42,727
Significant items		(177)	20	(828)	12	8	(965)
- customer redress programmes		118 - (295)	- - 20	- (828) -	- 4 8	- 1 7	118 (823) (260)
- disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses
- fair value movement on financial instruments	3
Adjusted	2	13,304	23,194	2,118	4,996	2,587	41,762
ECL
Reported		(810)	(542)	(65)	(140)	(466)	(2,023)
Adjusted		(810)	(542)	(65)	(140)	(466)	(2,023)
Operating expenses
Reported	2	(13,633)	(9,795)	(1,052)	(3,799)	(1,454)	(25,296)
Significant items		1,434	74	8	52	17	1,585
- costs of structural reform	4	123 1,098 278 (65)	3 - 72 (1)	- - 8 -	- - 52 -	- - 17 -	126 1,098 427 (66)
- customer redress programmes
- restructuring and other related costs
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters
Adjusted	2	(12,199)	(9,721)	(1,044)	(3,747)	(1,437)	(23,711)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		18	1,594	212	-	12	1,836
Adjusted		18	1,594	212	-	12	1,836
Profit/(loss) before tax
Reported		(944)	14,431	2,041	1,045	671	17,244
Significant items		1,257	94	(820)	64	25	620
- revenue		(177) 1,434	20 74	(828) 8	12 52	8 17	(965) 1,585
- operating expenses
Adjusted		313	14,525	1,221	1,109	696	17,864
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported		377,153	478,015	28,091	111,963	22,611	1,017,833
Adjusted		377,153	478,015	28,091	111,963	22,611	1,017,833
Customer accounts
Reported		496,874	672,557	36,768	142,781	24,761	1,373,741
Adjusted		496,874	672,557	36,768	142,781	24,761	1,373,741

For footnotes, see page 51.

			Nine months ended 30 Sep 2019
			Hong Mainland
		UK	Kong China US	Mexico
	Footnotes	$m	$m $m $m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		9,857	14,831 2,386 3,534	1,919
Significant items		(177)	16 - 10	6
Adjusted		9,680	14,847 2,386 3,544	1,925
ECL
Reported		(647)	(341) (101) (102)	(346)
Adjusted		(647)	(341) (101) (102)	(346)
Operating expenses
Reported		(11,321)	(5,083) (1,565) (2,954)	(1,029)
Significant items		1,403	40 2 39	8
Adjusted		(9,918)	(5,043) (1,563) (2,915)	(1,021)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		19	29 1,547 -	12
Adjusted		19	29 1,547 -	12
Profit/(loss) before tax
Reported		(2,092)	9,436 2,267 478	556
Significant items		1,226	56 2 49	14
Adjusted		(866)	9,492 2,269 527	570
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported		289,491	307,828 41,024 65,985	19,853
Adjusted		289,491	307,828 41,024 65,985	19,853
Customer accounts
Reported		395,536	487,347 43,111 89,742	19,938
Adjusted		395,536	487,347 43,111 89,742	19,938

For footnotes, see page 51.

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)

Nine months ended 30 Sep 2018

		Europe	Asia	MENA	North America	Latin America	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported	2	13,708	21,901	2,019	5,152	2,119	41,085
Currency translation	2	(889)	(314)	(29)	(40)	(302)	(1,514)
Significant items		204	(36)	(1)	96	34	297

Adjusted	2	13,023	21,551	1,989	5,208	1,851	39,868
ECL
Reported		(187)	(405)	(203)	264	(383)	(914)
Currency translation		13	6	11	(1)	39	68
Adjusted		(174)	(399)	(192)	263	(344)	(846)
Operating expenses
Reported	2	(12,798)	(9,263)	(1,009)	(4,907)	(1,352)	(25,515)
Currency translation	2	641	176	26	23	224	1,030
Significant items		403	8	-	971	-	1,382
- costs of structural reform	4	295	5	-	-	-	300
- customer redress programmes		162	-	-	-	-	162
- disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses		54	-	-	-	-	54
- restructuring and other related costs		40	3	-	8	-	51
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters		(123)	-	-	963	-	840
- currency translation on significant items		(25)	-	-	-	-	(25)
Adjusted	2	(11,754)	(9,079)	(983)	(3,913)	(1,128)	(23,103)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		21	1,606	351	-	-	1,978
Currency translation		(1)	(82)	-	-	-	(83)
Adjusted		20	1,524	351	-	-	1,895
Profit before tax
Reported		744	13,839	1,158	509	384	16,634
Currency translation		(236)	(214)	8	(18)	(39)	(499)
Significant items		607	(28)	(1)	1,067	34	1,679

Adjusted	1,115		13,597	1,165	1,558	379	17,814
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	380,496		444,168	28,968	106,522	21,306	981,460
Currency translation	(20,174)		(4,317)	350	(883)	(1,606)	(26,630)
Adjusted	360,322		439,851	29,318	105,639	19,700	954,830
Customer accounts
Reported	502,369		651,772	35,997	131,078	24,159	1,345,375
Currency translation	(26,622)		(4,344)	676	(946)	(2,064)	(33,300)
Adjusted	475,747		647,428	36,673	130,132	22,095	1,312,075
For footnotes, see page 51.

Nine months ended 30 Sep 2018

		UK	Hong Kong	Mainland China⁵	US⁵	Mexico⁵
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		10,726	13,870	2,228	3,652	1,698
Currency translation		(710)	3	(112)	-	(18)
Significant items		206	11	(1)	97	(4)




Adjusted		10,222	13,884	2,115	3,749	1,676
ECL
Reported		(112)	(112)	(87)	222	(330)
Currency translation		9	-	4	-	4
Adjusted		(103)	(112)	(83)	222	(326)
Operating expenses
Reported		(10,130)	(4,831)	(1,427)	(4,018)	(959)
Currency translation		492	(2)	72	-	10
Significant items		263	8	-	916	-





Adjusted		(9,375)	(4,825)	(1,355)	(3,102)	(949)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		21	26	1,578	-	-
Currency translation		(1)	-	(82)	-	-
Adjusted		20	26	1,496	-	-
Profit/(loss) before tax
Reported		505	8,953	2,292	(144)	409
Currency translation		(210)	1	(118)	-	(4)
Significant items		469	19	(1)	1,013	(4)


Adjusted	764		8,973	2,173	869	401
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	295,398		284,956	39,779	62,617	18,147
Currency translation	(15,608)		(571)	(1,490)	-	(898)
Adjusted	279,790		284,385	38,289	62,617	17,249
Customer accounts
Reported	398,920		478,214	41,489	79,699	19,044
Currency translation	(21,078)		(958)	(1,554)	-	(943)
Adjusted	377,842		477,256	39,935	79,699	18,101
For footnotes, see page 51.

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)

				Quarter ended 30 Sep 2019
				North	Latin
		Europe	Asia	MENA America	America	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m $m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported	2	4,229	7,715	703 1,619	679	13,355
Significant items		(70)	(20)	- 4	(2)	(88)
Adjusted	2	4,159	7,695	703 1,623	677	13,267
ECL
Reported		(274)	(282)	(16) (80)	(231)	(883)
Adjusted		(274)	(282)	(16) (80)	(231)	(883)
Operating expenses
Reported	2	(4,389)	(3,305)	(358) (1,240)	(445)	(8,147)
Significant items		546	27	3 18	5	599
Adjusted	2	(3,843)	(3,278)	(355) (1,222)	(440)	(7,548)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		10	523	(24) -	3	512
Adjusted		10	523	(24) -	3	512
Profit/(loss) before tax
Reported		(424)	4,651	305 299	6	4,837
Significant items		476	7	3 22	3	511
Adjusted		52	4,658	308 321	9	5,348
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported		377,153	478,015	28,091 111,963	22,611	1,017,833
Adjusted		377,153	478,015	28,091 111,963	22,611	1,017,833
Customer accounts
Reported		496,874	672,557	36,768 142,781	24,761	1,373,741
Adjusted		496,874	672,557	36,768 142,781	24,761	1,373,741

For footnotes, see page 51.

			Quarter ended 30 Sep 2019
			Hong Mainland
		UK	Kong China	US	Mexico
	Footnotes	$m	$m $m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		3,099	4,896 788	1,136	648
Significant items		(67)	(13) (1)	3	(1)
Adjusted		3,032	4,883 787	1,139	647
ECL
Reported		(218)	(207) (34)	(66)	(148)
Adjusted		(218)	(207) (34)	(66)	(148)
Operating expenses
Reported		(3,731)	(1,678) (527)	(965)	(343)
Significant items		593	19 -	13	3
Adjusted		(3,138)	(1,659) (527)	(952)	(340)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		11	6 516	-	3
Adjusted		11	6 516	-	3
Profit/(loss) before tax
Reported		(839)	3,017 743	105	160
Significant items		526	6 (1)	16	2
Adjusted		(313)	3,023 742	121	162
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported		289,491	307,828 41,024	65,985	19,853
Adjusted		289,491	307,828 41,024	65,985	19,853
Customer accounts
Reported		395,536	487,347 43,111	89,742	19,938
Adjusted		395,536	487,347 43,111	89,742	19,938

For footnotes, see page 51.

Reconciliation of reported to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)

Quarter ended 30 Jun 2019

		Europe	Asia	MENA	North America	Latin America	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported	2	4,647	7,640	1,541	1,689	929	14,944
Currency translation	2	(159)	(28)	7	5	(43)	(208)
Significant items		(48)	13	(828)	4	4	(855)

Adjusted	2	4,440	7,625	720	1,698	890	13,881
ECL
Reported		(233)	(102)	(43)	(57)	(120)	(555)
Currency translation		4	1	-	-	5	10
Adjusted		(229)	(101)	(43)	(57)	(115)	(545)
Operating expenses
Reported	2	(4,926)	(3,359)	(349)	(1,265)	(530)	(8,927)
Currency translation	2	148	19	(2)	(3)	24	176
Significant items		719	39	4	30	8	800
- costs of structural reform	4	38	-	-	-	-	38
- customer redress programmes		554	-	-	-	-	554
- restructuring and other related costs		154	41	4	29	9	237
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters		(1)	(1)	-	-	-	(2)
- currency translation on significant items		(26)	(1)	-	1	(1)	(27)
Adjusted	2	(4,059)	(3,301)	(347)	(1,238)	(498)	(7,951)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		6	595	122	-	9	732
Currency translation		(1)	(15)	-	-	-	(16)
Adjusted		5	580	122	-	9	716
Profit/(loss) before tax
Reported		(506)	4,774	1,271	367	288	6,194
Currency translation		(8)	(23)	5	2	(14)	(38)
Significant items		671	52	(824)	34	12	(55)

Adjusted	157		4,803	452	403	286	6,101
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	383,363		473,627	28,509	112,693	23,440	1,021,632
Currency translation	(12,791)		(5,366)	114	(487)	(1,212)	(19,742)
Adjusted	370,572		468,261	28,623	112,206	22,228	1,001,890
Customer accounts
Reported	504,386		677,289	36,593	135,400	26,456	1,380,124
Currency translation	(16,686)		(6,368)	194	(520)	(1,818)	(25,198)
Adjusted	487,700		670,921	36,787	134,880	24,638	1,354,926
For footnotes, see page 51.

Reconciliation of reported to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)

Quarter ended 30 Jun 2019

		UK	Hong Kong	Mainland China	US	Mexico
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		3,257	4,915	792	1,206	614
Currency translation		(151)	6	(21)	(1)	(10)
Significant items		(47)	8	-	3	2


Adjusted		3,059	4,929	771	1,208	606
ECL
Reported		(139)	(34)	(27)	(26)	(100)
Currency translation		5	-	(1)	1	2
Adjusted		(134)	(34)	(28)	(25)	(98)
Operating expenses
Reported		(4,139)	(1,733)	(539)	(978)	(352)
Currency translation		143	(2)	14	-	6
Significant items		671	13	2	23	3
- costs of structural reform	4	26	-	-	-	-
- customer redress programmes		554	-	-	-	-
- restructuring and other related costs		118	15	2	23	3
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters		(1)	(1)	-	-	-
- currency translation on significant items		(26)	(1)	-	-	-
Adjusted		(3,325)	(1,722)	(523)	(955)	(343)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		5	17	570	-	9
Currency translation		(1)	1	(15)	-	-
Adjusted		4	18	555	-	9
Profit/(loss) before tax
Reported		(1,016)	3,165	796	202	171
Currency translation		(4)	5	(23)	-	(2)
Significant items		624	21	2	26	5


Adjusted	(396)		3,191	775	228	174
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	291,955		304,431	42,657	67,039	20,135
Currency translation	(9,113)		(1,168)	(1,634)	2	(552)
Adjusted	282,842		303,263	41,023	67,041	19,583
Customer accounts
Reported	398,857		487,948	45,409	82,260	20,437
Currency translation	(12,447)		(1,867)	(1,739)	-	(553)
Adjusted	386,410		486,081	43,670	82,260	19,884
For footnotes, see page 51.

Reconciliation of reported to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)

Quarter ended 30 Sep 2018

		Europe	Asia	MENA	North America	Latin America	Total
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported	2	4,837	7,389	663	1,740	523	13,798
Currency translation	2	(270)	(34)	8	(5)	(68)	(355)
Significant items		58	(16)	1	-	-	43

Adjusted	2	4,625	7,339	672	1,735	455	13,486
ECL
Reported		-	(289)	(100)	30	(148)	(507)
Currency translation		-	-	-	-	18	18
Adjusted		-	(289)	(100)	30	(130)	(489)
Operating expenses
Reported	2	(4,206)	(3,153)	(323)	(1,303)	(335)	(7,966)
Currency translation	2	184	21	(2)	2	70	261
Significant items		206	7	-	5	-	218
- costs of structural reform	4	86	3	-	-	-	89
- customer redress programmes		62	-	-	-	-	62
- disposals, acquisitions and investment in new businesses		51	-	-	-	-	51
- restructuring and other related costs		19	3	-	5	-	27
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters		(3)	2	-	-	-	(1)
- currency translation on significant items		(9)	(1)	-	-	-	(10)
Adjusted	2	(3,816)	(3,125)	(325)	(1,296)	(265)	(7,487)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		3	512	82	-	-	597
Currency translation		-	(15)	-	-	-	(15)
Adjusted		3	497	82	-	-	582
Profit before tax
Reported		634	4,459	322	467	40	5,922
Currency translation		(86)	(28)	6	(3)	20	(91)
Significant items		264	(9)	1	5	-	261

Adjusted	812		4,422	329	469	60	6,092
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	380,496		444,168	28,968	106,522	21,306	981,460
Currency translation	(20,174)		(4,317)	350	(883)	(1,606)	(26,630)
Adjusted	360,322		439,851	29,318	105,639	19,700	954,830
Customer accounts
Reported	502,369		651,772	35,997	131,078	24,159	1,345,375
Currency translation	(26,622)		(4,344)	676	(946)	(2,064)	(33,300)
Adjusted	475,747		647,428	36,673	130,132	22,095	1,312,075
For footnotes, see page 51.

Reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results - geographical regions and selected countries/territories (continued)

Quarter ended 30 Sep 2018

		UK	Hong Kong	Mainland China⁵	US⁵	Mexico⁵
	Footnotes	$m	$m	$m	$m	$m
Revenue	1
Reported		3,913	4,715	769	1,230	590
Currency translation		(234)	10	(22)	-	(14)
Significant items		59	3	-	-	-


Adjusted		3,738	4,728	747	1,230	576
ECL
Reported		44	(92)	(52)	25	(135)
Currency translation		(2)	-	1	-	3
Adjusted		42	(92)	(51)	25	(132)
Operating expenses
Reported		(3,362)	(1,652)	(480)	(1,029)	(314)
Currency translation		152	(3)	14	-	8
Significant items		138	7	-	4	-
- costs of structural reform	4	75	3	-	-	-
- customer redress programmes		62	-	-	-	-
- restructuring and other related costs		11	3	-	4	-
- settlements and provisions in connection with legal and regulatory matters		(2)	1	-	-	-
- currency translation on significant items		(8)	-	-	-	-
Adjusted		(3,072)	(1,648)	(466)	(1,025)	(306)
Share of profit in associates and joint ventures
Reported		3	6	505	-	-
Currency translation		-	(1)	(15)	-	-
Adjusted		3	5	490	-	-
Profit before tax
Reported		598	2,977	742	226	141
Currency translation		(84)	6	(22)	-	(3)
Significant items		197	10	-	4	-


Adjusted	711		2,993	720	230	138
Loans and advances to customers (net)
Reported	295,398		284,956	39,779	62,617	18,147
Currency translation	(15,608)		(571)	(1,490)	-	(898)
Adjusted	279,790		284,385	38,289	62,617	17,249
Customer accounts
Reported	398,920		478,214	41,489	79,699	19,044
Currency translation	(21,078)		(958)	(1,554)	-	(943)
Adjusted	377,842		477,256	39,935	79,699	18,101

1 Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges, also referred to as 'revenue'.

2 Amounts are non-additive across geographical regions due to intra-Group transactions.

3 Includes fair value movements on non-qualifying hedges and DVA on derivative contracts.

4 Comprises costs associated with preparations for the UK's exit from the European Union, costs to establish the UK ring-fenced bank (including the UK ServCo group) and costs associated with establishing an intermediate holding company in Hong Kong.

5 9M18 and 3Q18 comparative data has been re-presented from the previously disclosed to align the basis of presentation to the correct reporting period.

Third interim dividend for 2019

On 2 October 2019, the Directors declared a third interim dividend in respect of 2019 of $0.10 per ordinary share. The ordinary shares in London, Hong Kong, Paris and Bermuda, and the American Depositary Shares ('ADSs') in New York, was quoted ex-dividend on

10 October 2019. The dividend will be payable on 20 November 2019 to holders of record on 11 October 2019.

The dividend will be payable in US dollars, sterling or Hong Kong dollars, or a combination of these currencies, at the forward exchange rates quoted by HSBC Bank plc in London at or about 11.00am on 11 November 2019. A scrip dividend will also be offered. Particulars of these arrangements were sent to shareholders on 23 October 2019 and elections must be received by 7 November 2019.

The dividend will be payable on ordinary shares held through Euroclear France, the settlement and central depositary system for Euronext Paris, on 20 November 2019 to the holders of record on 11 October 2019. The dividend will be payable in US dollars or as a scrip dividend. Particulars of these arrangements were announced through Euronext Paris on 3 October 2019, 18 October 2019 and another announcement will be made through Euronext Paris on 21 November 2019.

The dividend will be payable on ADSs, each of which represents five ordinary shares, on 20 November 2019 to holders of record on 11 October 2019. The dividend of $0.50 per ADS will be payable by the depositary in US dollars or as a scrip dividend of new ADSs. Particulars of these arrangements were sent to holders on 23 October 2019 and elections will be required to be made by 1 November 2019. Alternatively, the cash dividend may be invested in additional ADSs by participants in the dividend reinvestment plan operated by the depositary.

Any person who has acquired ordinary shares registered on the Principal Register in the UK, the Hong Kong Overseas Branch Register or the Bermuda Overseas Branch Register but who has not lodged the share transfer with the Principal Registrar, the Hong Kong or Bermuda Branch Registrar should have done so before 4.00pm local time on 11 October 2019 in order to receive the dividend.

Ordinary shares may not be removed from or transferred to the Principal Register in the UK, the Hong Kong Overseas Branch Register or the Bermuda Overseas Branch Register on 11 October 2019. Any person wishing to remove ordinary shares to or from each register must have done so before 4.00pm local time on 10 October 2019.

Transfers of ADSs must have been lodged with the depositary by 11.00am local time on 11 October 2019 in order to receive the dividend.

ADS dividend fee

As previously disclosed in our Interim Report 2019, in order to cover costs associated with the management of the American Depositary Receipt programme, which was previously covered by fees generated from issuance and cancellation, a dividend fee will be introduced on cash dividends paid on ADSs, in line with common market practice. ADS holders who receive a cash dividend will be charged a fee, which will be deducted by the depositary, of $0.005 per ADS per cash dividend. This will commence from the 2019 third interim cash dividend payment payable on 20 November 2019.

Dividend on preference shares

A quarterly dividend of $15.50 per 6.20% non-cumulative US dollar preference share, Series A ('Series A dollar preference share'), (equivalent to a dividend of $0.3875 per Series A American Depositary Share, each of which represents one-fortieth of a Series A dollar preference share), and £0.01 per Series A sterling preference share is payable on 15 March, 15 June, 15 September and 15 December 2019 for the quarter then ended at the sole and absolute discretion of the Board of HSBC Holdings plc. Accordingly, the Board of HSBC Holdings plc has declared that a quarterly dividend be payable on 16 December 2019 to holders of record on 29 November 2019.

For and on behalf of HSBC Holdings plc

Richard Gray

Group Company Secretary

The Board of Directors of HSBC Holdings plc as at the date of this announcement are: Mark Tucker*, Noel Quinn, Kathleen Casey^†, Laura Cha^†, Henri de Castries^†, Irene Lee^†, José Meade^†, Heidi Miller^†, Marc Moses, David Nish^†, Ewen Stevenson, Jonathan Symonds^†, Jackson Tai^† and Pauline van der Meer Mohr^†.

* Non-executive Group Chairman

† Independent non-executive Director

Terms and abbreviations

3Q19 Third quarter of 2019

2Q19 Second quarter of 2019

3Q18 Third quarter of 2018

9M19 Nine months to 30 September 2019

9M18 Nine months to 30 September 2018

ADS American Depositary Share

AIEA Average interest-earning assets

BoCom Bank of Communications Co., Limited, one of China's largest banks

Bps Basis points. One basis point is equal to one-hundredth of a percentage point

BSM Balance Sheet Management

C&L Credit and Lending

CET1 Common equity tier 1

CMB Commercial Banking, a global business

CODM Chief Operating Decision Maker

Corporate Centre Corporate Centre comprises Central Treasury, including Balance Sheet Management, our legacy businesses, interests in our associates and joint ventures, central stewardship costs and the UK bank levy

CRD IV Capital Requirements Regulation and Directive

CRR Customer risk rating

CRR II Revisions to the Capital Requirements Regulation

DPD Days past due

D-SIB Domestic systemically important bank

DVA Debit value adjustments

EBA European Banking Authority

ECL Expected credit losses. In the income statement, ECL is recorded as a change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges. In the balance sheet, ECL is recorded as an allowance for financial instruments to which only the impairment requirements in IFRS 9 are applied

FVOCI Fair value through other comprehensive income

GB&M Global Banking and Markets, a global business

GLCM Global Liquidity and Cash Management

GMB Group Management Board

GPB Global Private Banking, a global business

Group HSBC Holdings together with its subsidiary undertakings

G-SIB Global systemically important bank

GTRF Global Trade and Receivables Finance

Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China HSBC HSBC Holdings together with its subsidiary undertakings

HSBC Bank HSBC Bank plc

HSBC Holdings HSBC Holdings plc, the parent company of HSBC HSBC UK HSBC UK Bank plc

IAS International Accounting Standards

IFRSs International Financial Reporting Standards

IMA Internal models approach

IMM Internal model method

IRB Internal ratings based

IRC Incremental risk charge

Jaws Adjusted jaws measures the difference between the rates of change in adjusted revenue and adjusted operating

expenses JV Joint venture

LCR Liquidity coverage ratio

Legacy credit A portfolio of assets comprising Solitaire Funding Limited, securities investment conduits, asset-backed securities trading portfolios, credit correlation portfolios and derivative transactions entered into directly with monoline insurers

Mainland China People's Republic of China excluding Hong Kong MENA Middle East and North Africa

MREL EU minimum requirements for own funds and eligible liabilities

Net operating income Net operating income before change in expected credit losses and other credit impairment charges/Loan impairment charges and other credit provisions, also referred to as revenue

NIM Net interest margin

PBT Profit before tax

PD Probability of default

POCI Purchased or originated credit-impaired

PPI Payment protection insurance

PRA Prudential Regulation Authority (UK)

RBWM Retail Banking and Wealth Management, a global business

Revenue Net operating income before ECL

RoE Return on average ordinary shareholders' equity

RoTE Return on average tangible equity

RWAs Risk-weighted assets

SABB The Saudi British Bank

ServCo group Separately incorporated group of service companies set up in response to UK ring-fencing proposals TLAC Total loss-absorbing capacity

$m/$bn/$tn United States dollar millions/billions/trillions. We report in US dollars VaR Value at risk

This information is provided by RNS, the news service of the London Stock Exchange. RNS is approved by the Financial Conduct Authority to act as a Primary Information Provider in the United Kingdom. Terms and conditions relating to the use and distribution of this information may apply. For further information, please contact [email protected] or visit www.rns.com.

END

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RNS metadata

Title: HSBC Holdings - 3Q19 Earnings Release
Time: 07:00:05
Date: 28 Oct 2019
Category: Results
ID: 2416R

Highlights

Financial performance (vs. 3Q18)

Financial performance (vs. 9M18)

• Earnings per share of 57 cents. 9M19 RoTE (annualised) of 9.5%.

Outlook

Key financial metrics

Contents

Note to editors

HSBC Holdings plc

Adjusted performance

Foreign currency translation differences

Significant items

Adjusted performance - foreign currency translation of significant items

Customer redress provisions

Global business performance

Management view of adjusted revenue

Financial performance commentary

Group

3Q19 compared with 3Q18 - reported results

Reported profit

Reported revenue

Reported ECL

Reported operating expenses

Reported share of profit from associates and JVs

Third interim dividend for 2019

Group

3Q19 compared with 3Q18 - adjusted results

Adjusted profit before tax

Adjusted revenue

Adjusted ECL

Adjusted operating expenses

Adjusted share of profit from associates and JVs

Group

9M19 compared with 9M18 - reported results

Reported profit

Reported revenue

Reported ECL

Reported operating expenses

Reported share of profit from associates and JVs

Tax expense

Group

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Adjusted profit before tax

Adjusted revenue

Adjusted ECL

Adjusted operating expenses

Adjusted share of profit from associates and JVs

Retail Banking and Wealth Management 9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Commercial Banking

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Global Banking and Markets

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Global Private Banking

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Corporate Centre

9M19 compared with 9M18 - adjusted results

Balance sheet - 30 September 2019 compared with 30 June 2019

Loans and advances to customers

Customer accounts

Risk-weighted assets

Net interest margin

Notes

Cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements

For further information contact:

Investor Relations Media Relations

Summary consolidated income statement

Summary consolidated balance sheet

Credit risk

Summary of credit risk

Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers including loan commitments and financial guarantees

Reconciliation of changes in gross carrying/nominal amount and allowances for loans and advances to banks and customers including loan commitments and financial guarantees

Personal lending

Wholesale lending

Capital adequacy

Capital

Leverage

Risk-weighted assets

RWAs

Asset size

Asset quality