Glenveagh Properties plc

Consolidated statement of cash flows

For the financial year ended 31 December 2023

 

		2023	2022
	Note	€'000	€'000
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit for the financial year		47,108	52,567
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation		2,373	2,081
Finance costs	11	15,839	7,094
Equity-settled share-based payment expense	14	2,137	1,717
Tax expense	16	8,002	10,434
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment	12	(214)	(1,501)
		75,245	72,392
Changes in:
Inventories		(18,529)	83,360
Trade and other receivables		(19,217)	(26,290)
Trade and other payables		38,100	35,662
Cash from operating activities		75,599	165,124
Interest paid		(12,009)	(6,490)
Tax paid		(12,732)	(17,778)
Net cash from operating activities		50,858	140,856
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment	17	(16,361)	(19,278)
Acquisition of intangible assets	18	(1,477)	(1,055)
Acquisition of subsidiary undertakings		-	(6,875)
Cash acquired on acquisition		-	847
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment		959	2,036
Net cash used in investing activities		(16,879)	(24,325)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from loans and borrowings	22	381,667	110,000
Repayment of loans and borrowings	22	(347,500)	(150,000)
Transaction costs related to loans and borrowings	22	(4,318)	-
Purchase of own shares	26	(62,891)	(146,260)
Proceeds from exercise of share options	26	307	108
Proceeds from derivative settlements	24	295	-
Payment of lease liabilities	28	(761)	(470)
Net cash used in financing activities		(33,201)	(186,622)
Net increase / (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		778	(70,091)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year		71,085	141,176
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year		71,863	71,085

 

Glenveagh Properties plc

 

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the financial year ended 31 December 2023

 

1      Reporting entity

 

Glenveagh Properties plc ("the Company) is domiciled in the Republic of Ireland. The Company's registered office is Block C, Maynooth Business Campus, Maynooth Co. Kildare. These consolidated financial statements comprise the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as "the Group") and cover the financial year ended 31 December 2023. The Group's principal activities are the construction and sale of houses and apartments for the private buyer, local authorities and the private rental sector.

 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS's) as adopted by the European Union which comprise standards and interpretations approved by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and those parts of the Companies Act 2014, including the Commission Delegated Regulation 2018/815 regarding the single electronic reporting format (ESEF), applicable to companies reporting under IFRS and Article 4 of the IAS regulation.

 

2      Statement of compliance

 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS's) as adopted by the European Union which comprise standards and interpretations approved by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and those parts of the Companies Act 2014 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS and Article 4 of the IAS regulation.

 

3      Functional and presentation currency

 

These consolidated financial statements are presented in Euro which is the Company's functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest thousand unless otherwise indicated.

 

4      Use of judgements and estimates

 

The preparation of the Group's financial statements under International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"), as adopted by the European Union, requires the Directors to make judgments and estimates that affect the application of policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income, expenses and related disclosures. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

 

Critical accounting judgements

 

Management applies the Group's accounting policies as described in Note 8 when making critical accounting judgements, of which no individual judgement is deemed to have a significant impact upon the financial statements.

 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

 

The key source of significant estimation uncertainty impacting these financial statements involves assessing the carrying value of inventories as detailed below.

 

(a)   Carrying value of work-in-progress, estimation of costs to complete and impact on profit recognition

 

The Group holds inventories stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Such inventories include land and development rights, work-in-progress and completed units. As residential development is largely speculative by nature, not all inventories are covered by forward sales contracts. Furthermore, due to the nature of the Group's activity and, in particular the scale of its developments and the length of the development cycle, the Group has to allocate site-wide development costs between units being built and/or completed in the current year and those for future years. It also has to forecast the costs to complete on such developments.

                                                                

These estimates impact management's assessment of the net realisable value of the Group's inventory balance and also determine the extent of profit or loss that should be recognised in respect of each development in each reporting period.

 

In making such assessments and allocations there is a degree of inherent estimation uncertainty. The Group has established internal controls designed to effectively assess and centrally review inventory carrying values and ensure the appropriateness of the estimates made. These assessments and allocations evolve over the life of the development in line with the risk profile, and

accordingly, the margin recognised reflects these evolving assessments, particularly in relation to the Group's long-term developments. The impact of sustainability and other macroeconomic factors have been considered in the Group's assessment of the carrying value of its inventories at 31 December 2023, particularly with regard to the potential implications for future selling prices, development expenditure and construction programming. Management has considered a number of scenarios on each of its active developments and the consequential impact on future profitability based on current facts and circumstances together with any implications for future projects in undertaking its net realisable value calculations.

 

As part of the assessment, the Group has re-evaluated its most likely exit strategies on all developments in the context of the current market environment and reflected these in revenue assumptions within the forecast models. The results of this exercise determined that the net impairment charge or reversal required for the period was €Nil (2022: Nil).     

 

Management have performed a sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of a change in estimated costs for developments on which sales were recognised in the year. A 1%-4% increase in estimated costs recognised in the year, which is considered to be reasonably possible, would reduce the Group's gross margin by approximately 118-333bps (2022: 58-174bps).

 

5      Measurement of fair values

 

A number of the Group's accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, both for financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

 

The Group has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values. This includes a valuation team that has overall responsibility for overseeing all significant fair value measurements, including Level 3 fair values and reports directly to the chief financial officer.

 

The valuation team regularly reviews significant unobservable inputs and valuation adjustments. If third party information, such as broker quotes or pricing services, is used to measure fair values, then the valuation team assess the evidence obtained from the third parties to support the conclusion that these valuations meet the requirements of the Standards, including the level in the fair value hierarchy in which the valuations should be classified.       

 

Significant valuation issues are reported to the Group's Audit and Risk committee.    

 

Fair value is defined in IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement, as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When measuring the fair value of an asset or liability, the Group uses market observable data as far as possible. Fair values are categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:   

 

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).

Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

 

Further information about the assumptions made in measuring fair values is included in the following notes:

 

·        Note 14 Share-based payments arrangements;

·        Note 21 Trade and other payables;

·        Note 24 Derivatives and cashflow hedge reserve; and

·        Note 27 Financial instruments and financial risk management.

 

6     Changes in material accounting policies

 

Amendments to standard IAS 12 Income taxes: International Tax Reform - Pillar Two Model Rules; Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities Arising From a Single Transaction, IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts: amendments to IFRS 17 insurance contracts; Initial Application of IFRS 17 and IFRS 9 - Comparative Information and IAS 8 Accounting policies, Changes In Accounting Estimates And Errors: Definition of accounting estimates and errors, are effective from 1 January 2023 but they do not have a material effect on the Group's financial statements.

 

(i)   New material accounting policies

 

a)  Derivative contracts and hedge accounting

 

The Group has transacted derivatives relating to an interest rate swap to manage the interest rate risk arising from floating rate borrowings. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into, and they are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The accounting for subsequent changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative is designated as a hedging instrument and, if so, the nature of the item being hedged.

The group designates certain derivatives as hedges of a particular risk associated with the cash flows of recognised assets and liabilities and highly probable forecast transactions (cash flow hedges).

 

Changes in the fair value of derivative hedging instruments designated as cash flow hedges are recognised in other comprehensive income to the extent that the hedge is effective. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

 

Amounts accumulated in other comprehensive income are reclassified to profit or loss in the same periods that the hedged items affect profit or loss. The reclassified gain or loss relating to the effective portion of interest rate swaps hedging variable rate borrowings is recognised in profit or loss within finance income or costs respectively.

 

If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. The cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in other comprehensive income remains there until the forecast transaction occurs, unless the hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur, in which case the cumulative

gain or loss that was previously recognised in other comprehensive income is transferred to profit and loss.

 

At inception of the hedge relationship, the group documents the economic relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items, including whether changes in the cash flows of the hedging instruments are expected to offset changes in the cash flows of hedged items. The group documents its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking its hedge transactions.

 

The full fair value of a hedging derivative is classified as a non-current asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item is more than 12 months; it is classified as a current asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item is less than 12 months.

 

b)  Research and development costs

 

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

 

Development expenditure is capitalised only if the expenditure can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable and the Group intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognised in profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, development expenditure is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses. 

 

c)  Disclosure of accounting policies (amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2)

 

The Group adopted Disclosure of Accounting Policies (amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2) from 1 January 2023. The amendments did not result in any material changes to the accounting policies and accounting policy information disclosed in the financial statements.

 

The amendments require the disclosure of material rather than significant accounting policies. The amendments also provide guidance on the application of materiality to disclosure of accounting policies, assisting entities to provide useful, entity specific accounting policy information that users need to understand other information in the financial statements. 

 

There have been no other changes to material accounting policies during the financial year ended to 31 December 2023.

 

(ii)   Other standards

 

The Group has not adopted the following new and amended standards early, and instead intends to apply them from their effective date as determined by the date of EU endorsement. The potential impact of these amendments to standards on the Group is under review:

 

-     IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows and IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures: Supplier Finance Arrangements (amendment) (effective 01/01/2024)

-     IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements:

o  Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current Date (amendment) (effective 01/01/2024)

o  Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current - Deferral of Effective Date (amendment) (not yet effective)

o  Non-current Liabilities with Covenants (amendment) (effective 01/01/2024)

-     IFRS 16 Leases: Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback (amendment) (not yet effective)

-     IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates - Lack of Exchangeability (amendment) (effective 01/01/2024)

-     ESRS S1 General Requirements for Disclosure of Sustainability-related Financial Information (not yet effective)

-     ESRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures (not yet effective)

 

7      Going Concern

 

The Group has recorded a profit before tax of €55.1 million (2022: €63.0 million. The Group has an unrestricted cash balance of €46.9 million (31 December 2022: €46.1 million) exclusive of the minimum cash balance of €25.0 million which the Group is required to maintain under the terms of its debt facilities. The Group has committed undrawn funds available of €233.3 million (31 December 2022: €150.0 million).

 

Management has prepared a detailed cash flow forecast to assess the Group's ability to continue as a going concern for at least a period of twelve months from the signing of these financial statements. The preparation of this forecast considered the principal risks facing the Group, including those risks that could threaten the Group's business model, future performance, solvency or liquidity over the forecast period. These principal risks and uncertainties and the steps taken by the Group to mitigate them are detailed in the Risk Management Report of the Annual Report. The Group's business

activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development are outlined in the Strategic Report of the Annual Report. Further disclosures regarding the Group's loans and borrowings are provided in note 22.

 

The Group is forecasting compliance with all covenant requirements under the current facilities including the interest cover covenant which is based on earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) excluding any non-cash impairment charges or reversals. Total debt must not exceed adjusted EBITDA by a minimum of 4 times, this is calculated on both a forward and trailing twelve-month basis. Other assumptions within the forecast include the Group's expected selling prices and sales strategies as well as its investment in work in progress which reflect updated development programmes.

 

Based on the forecasts modelled, the Directors have assessed the Group's going concern status for the foreseeable future. Having considered the Group's cash flow forecasts, the Directors are satisfied that the Group has the appropriate working capital management strategy, operational flexibility, and resources in place to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly, these consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis.

 

8      Material accounting policies

 

The Group has consistently applied the following accounting policies to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements, except if mentioned otherwise.

 

The Group adopted Disclosure of accounting policies (amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 2) from 1 January 2023. The amendments require the disclosure of material rather than significant accounting policies. Although the amendments did not result in any material changes to the accounting policies themselves, they impacted the accounting policy information disclosed in the financial statements in certain instances.

 

8.1 Basis of consolidation

 

(i)    Business combinations

 

The Group accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method when control is transferred to the Group. The consideration transferred in the acquisition is generally measured at fair value, as are the identifiable net assets acquired. Any goodwill that arises is tested annually for impairment. Any gain on a bargain purchase is recognised in profit or loss immediately. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred, except if related to the issue of debt or equity securities.

 

The consideration transferred does not include amounts related to the settlement of pre-existing relationships. Such amounts are generally recognised in profit or loss. Any contingent consideration is measured at fair value at the date of acquisition. If an obligation to pay contingent consideration that meets the definition of a financial instrument is classified as equity, then it is not remeasured, and settlement is accounted for within equity. Otherwise, other contingent consideration is remeasured at fair value each reporting date and subsequent changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration are recognised in profit or loss.

 

(ii)   Subsidiaries

 

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date on which control commences until the date on which control ceases.

 

(iii)  Joint operations

 

Joint operations arise where the Group has joint control of an operation with other parties, in which the parties have direct rights to the assets and obligations of the operation. The Group accounts for its share of the jointly controlled assets and liabilities and income and expenditure on a line by line basis in the consolidated financial statements.

 

(iv)  Transactions eliminated on consolidation

 

Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, are eliminated.

 

8.2 Revenue

 

The Group develops and sells residential properties and non-core land in addition to developing land under development agreements with third parties.

 

(i)    Housing and land sales

 

Revenue is recognised at the point in time when control over the property has been transferred to the customer, which occurs at legal completion.

 

(ii)   Development revenue

 

Revenue arising on contracts under a development agreement which give the customer control over properties as they are constructed, and for which the Group has a right to payments for work performed, is recognised over time. Revenue and costs are recognised over time with reference to the stage of completion of the contract activity at the balance sheet date where the outcome of a contract can be estimated reliably. This is measured by surveys of work performed to date. Variations in contract work, claims and incentive payments are included to the extent that it is probable that they will result in revenue, and they are capable of being reliably measured. When land is transferred at the start of a contract, revenue is not recognised until control has been transferred to the customer which includes legal title being passed to them. Where the outcome of a contract cannot be estimated reliably, contract revenue where recoverability is probable is recognised to the extent of contract costs incurred. The costs associated with fulfilling a contract are recognised as expenses in the period in which they are incurred. When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognised as an expense immediately.

 

8.3 Expenditure

 

Expenditure recorded in inventory is expensed through cost of sales at the time of the related property sale. The amount of cost related to each property includes its share of the overall site costs. Expenditure related to revenue recognised over time is expensed through cost of sales on an inputs basis. Administration expense is recognised in respect of goods and services received when supplied in accordance with contractual terms.

 

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

 

8.4 Taxation

 

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in OCI.

 

The Group has determined that the global minimum top-up tax is an income tax in the scope of IAS 12.

 

(i)    Current tax

 

Current tax comprises the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year and any adjustment to the tax payable or receivable in respect of previous years. The amount of

current tax payable or receivable is the best estimate of the tax amount expected to be paid or received that reflects uncertainty related to income taxes, if any. It is measured using tax rates

enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date. Current tax also includes any tax arising from dividends.

 

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only if certain criteria are met.

 

(ii)   Deferred tax

 

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes.

 

Deferred tax is not recognised for:

 

-       temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss and does not give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences;

-       temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint arrangements to the extent that the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and

-       taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.

 

Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used. Future taxable profits are determined based on the reversal of relevant taxable temporary differences. If the amount of taxable temporary differences is insufficient to recognise a deferred tax asset in full, then future taxable profits, adjusted for reversals of existing temporary differences, are considered, based on the business plans for individual subsidiaries in the

Group. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised; such reductions are reversed when the probability of future taxable profits improves. Once changes to the tax laws in any jurisdiction in which the Group operates are enacted or substantively enacted, the Group may be subject to the top-up tax. Currently, the Group operates solely in the Republic of Ireland, based on current criteria there is no current tax impact

 

Unrecognised deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be used.

 

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary difference when they reverse, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, and reflects uncertainty related to income taxes, if any.

 

The measurement of deferred tax reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Group expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

 

8.5 Share-based payment arrangements

 

The grant date fair value of equity-settled share-based payment arrangements granted to employees is generally recognised as an expense, with a corresponding increase in equity, over the vesting period of the awards. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number of awards for which the related service and non-market performance conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount ultimately recognised is based on the number of awards that meet the related service and non-market performance conditions at the vesting date. For share-based payment awards with non-vesting conditions or market conditions, the grant date fair value of the share-based payment is measured to reflect such conditions and there is no true-up for differences between expected and actual outcomes.

 

8.6 Exceptional items

 

Exceptional items are those that are separately disclosed by virtue of their nature or amount in order to highlight such items within the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the financial year. Group management exercises judgement in assessing each particular item which, by virtue of its scale or nature, should be highlighted as an exceptional item. Exceptional items are included within the profit or loss caption to which they relate.

 

During the financial year, there were no income or costs considered exceptional items.

 

8.7 Property, plant and equipment

 

Property, plant and equipment is carried at historic purchase cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost includes the original purchase price of the asset and the costs attributable to bringing the asset to its working condition for its intended use. Depreciation is provided to write off the cost of the assets on a straight-line basis to their residual value over their estimated useful lives at the following annual rates:

 

·        Buildings                                            2.5%

·        Plant and machinery                         14-20%

·        Fixtures and fittings                            20%

·        Computer Equipment                         33%

 

The assets' residual values, carrying values and useful lives are reviewed on an annual basis and adjusted if appropriate at each reporting date.

 

Where an impairment is identified, the recoverable amount of the asset is identified and an impairment loss, where appropriate, is recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

 

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised within administration expenses in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

 

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Group.

8.8 Intangible assets

 

Goodwill arising on the acquisition of subsidiaries is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill impairments are not reversed. Goodwill is not amortised but is subject to impairment testing on an annual basis and at any time during the year if an indicator of impairment is considered

to exist. The annual goodwill impairment tests are undertaken at a consistent time in each annual period.

 

Development expenditure is capitalised only if the expenditure can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable and the Group intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset. Otherwise, it is recognised in profit or loss as incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, development expenditure is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses. Capitalised development expenditure has an indefinite useful life.

 

Indefinite life intangible assets are those for which there is no foreseeable limit to their expected useful life. The classification of intangible assets as indefinite is assessed annually.

 

Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Group.

 

Computer software is capitalised as intangible assets as acquired and amortised on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of 3 years, in line with the period over which economic benefit from the software is expected to be derived.

 

Licence costs are capitalised as intangible assets as acquired and amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life in line with the period over which economic benefit from the software is expected to be derived.

 

The assets' useful lives and residual values are reviewed and adjusted, if appropriate, at each reporting date.

 

8.9 Inventory

 

Inventory comprises property in the course of development, completed units, land and land development rights. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Direct cost comprises the cost of land, raw materials and development costs but excludes indirect overheads. Land purchased for development, including land in the course of development, is initially recorded at cost. Where such land is purchased on deferred settlement terms, and the cost differs from the amount that will subsequently be paid in settling the liability, this difference is charged as a finance cost in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income over the period to settlement. A provision is made, where appropriate, to reduce the value of inventories and work-in-progress to their net realisable value.

 

Raw material and finished good stock are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Stocks are determined on a first-in first-out basis. Cost comprises expenditure incurred in the normal course of business in bringing stocks to their present location and condition. Full provision is made for obsolete and slow-moving items. Net realisable value comprises actual or estimated selling price (net of trade discounts) less all further costs to completion or to be incurred in marketing and selling.

 

8.10 Financial instruments

 

Financial assets and financial liabilities

Under IFRS 9, financial assets and financial liabilities are initially recognised at fair value and are subsequently measured based on their classification as described below. Their classification depends on the purpose for which the financial instruments were acquired or issued, their characteristics and the Group's designation of such instruments. The standards require that all financial assets and financial liabilities be classified as fair value through profit or loss ("FVTPL"), amortised cost, or fair value through other comprehensive income ("FVOCI").

 

Classification of financial instruments

The following summarises the classification and measurement the Group has elected to apply to each of its significant categories of financial instruments:

 

	IFRS 9
Type	Classification
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	Amortised cost
Trade receivables	Amortised cost
Contract assets	Amortised cost
Other receivables	Amortised cost
Amounts recoverable on construction contracts	Amortised cost
Restricted cash	Amortised cost
Deposits for sites	Amortised cost
Construction bonds	Amortised cost
Financial liabilities
Lease liabilities	Amortised cost
Trade payables	Amortised cost
Inventory accruals	Amortised cost
Other accruals	Amortised cost
Loans and borrowings	Amortised cost
Derivative contracts	Fair value (cash flow hedge accounting)
Contingent consideration	Fair value through profit or loss

 

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash, short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less and minimum cash balances required under the terms of the debt facilities. Interest earned or accrued on these financial assets is included in finance income.

Trade and other receivables

Such receivables are included in current assets, except for those with maturities more than 12 months after the reporting date, which are classified as non-current assets. Loans and other receivables are included in trade and other receivables on the statement of financial position and are

accounted for at amortised cost. These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost. The amortised cost is reduced by impairment losses. The Group recognises impairment losses on an 'expected credit loss' model (ECL model) basis in line with the requirements of IFRS 9. Interest income and impairment are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is recognised in profit or loss.

 

Amounts recoverable on construction contracts

Amounts recoverable on construction contracts includes recoverable revenue recognised over time with reference to the stage of completion arising on contracts under a development agreement which are receivable within 12 months of the reporting date.

 

Contract assets

Contract assets are amounts recoverable on long-term contracts where revenue is recognised over time.

 

Deposits for sites

Deposits for sites includes a percentage amount paid of the total purchase price for the acquisition of land intended for development.

 

Restricted cash

Restricted cash includes cash amounts which are classified as current assets and held in escrow until the completion of certain criteria.

 

Construction bonds

Construction bonds includes amounts receivable in relation to the completion of construction activities on sites. These assets are included in trade and other receivables on the consolidated balance sheets and are accounted for at amortised cost.

 

Derivative contracts

Derivative contracts are contracts for interest rate swaps to manage the interest rate risk arising from floating rate borrowings. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into, and they are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period.

 

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities such as inventory and other accruals are recorded at amortised cost and include all liabilities.

 

Loans and borrowings

Loans and borrowings include debt facilities, interest accrued and borrowing costs classified as current and non-current liabilities.

 

Contingent consideration

Contingent consideration includes amounts payable if conditions pertaining to the business combination are satisfied.

 

8.11 Provisions

 

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle that obligation, and the amount has been reliably estimated.

 

Provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the liability, where the effect of discounting is considered significant. The unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost.

 

8.12 Pensions

 

The Group operates a defined contribution scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Group in a separate fund. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are expensed as the related service is provided.

 

8.13 Leases

 

At the inception of a contract, the Group assess whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.

 

i.  As a lessee

 

At commencement or on modification of a contract that contains a lease component, the Group allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component and non-lease component on the basis of its relative stand-alone prices. However, for the leases of property the Group has elected not to separate non-lease components and account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

 

The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

 

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, unless the lease transfers ownership of the

underlying asset to the Group by the end of the lease term or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Group will exercise a purchase option. In that case the right-of-use asset will be depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset, which is determined on the same basis as those of property and motor vehicles. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability. 

 

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Group's incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Group uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.

 

The Group determines its incremental borrowing rate with reference to its current financing sources and makes certain adjustments to reflect the terms of the lease and type of the asset leased.

 

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments;

 

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in the future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Group's estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, if the Group changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option or if there is a revised in-substance fixed lease payment.

 

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

 

The Group presents right-of-use assets that do not meet the definition of investment property in 'property, plant and equipment' and lease liabilities in 'lease liability' in the statement of financial position. 

 

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

 

The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases of low-value assets and short-term lease. The Group recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term in the income statement.

 

8.14 Share capital

 

(i)    Ordinary shares

 

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares are recognised as a deduction from equity (retained earnings).

 

(ii)   Founder Shares

 

Founder Shares were initially issued as ordinary shares and subsequently re-designated as Founder Shares. Following re-designation, the instruments are accounted for as equity-settled share-based payments as set out at Note 8.5 above.

 

8.15 Finance income and costs

 

The Group's finance income and finance costs include:

 

·        Interest income

·        Finance income

·        Interest expense

·        Lease interest

 

Interest income and expense is recognised using the effective interest method.                               

 

8.16 Derivative contracts and hedge accounting

 

Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into, and they are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The accounting for subsequent changes in fair value depends on whether the derivative is designated as a hedging instrument and, if so, the nature of the item being hedged.

 

The group designates certain derivatives as hedges of a particular risk associated with the cash flows of recognised assets and liabilities and highly probable forecast transactions (cash flow hedges).

 

Changes in the fair value of derivative hedging instruments designated as cash flow hedges are recognised in other comprehensive income to the extent that the hedge is effective. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

 

Amounts accumulated in other comprehensive income are reclassified to profit or loss in the same periods that the hedged items affect profit or loss. The reclassified gain or loss relating to the effective portion of interest rate swaps hedging variable rate borrowings is recognised in profit or loss within finance income or costs respectively.

 

If the hedging instrument no longer meets the criteria for hedge accounting, expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively. The cumulative gain or loss previously recognised in other comprehensive income remains there until the forecast  transaction occurs, unless the hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur, in which case the cumulative gain or loss that was previously recognised in other comprehensive income is transferred to profit and loss.

 

At inception of the hedge relationship, the group documents the economic relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items, including whether changes in the cash flows of the hedging instruments are expected to offset changes in the cash flows of hedged items. The group documents its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking its hedge transactions.

 

The full fair value of a hedging derivative is classified as a non-current asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item is more than 12 months; it is classified as a current asset or liability when the remaining maturity of the hedged item is less than 12 months.

 

9      Segmental information

 

The Group has considered the requirements of IFRS 8 Operating Segments in the context of how the business is managed and resources are allocated.

 

The Group is organised into three key reportable segments, being Suburban, Urban and Partnerships. Internal reporting to the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is provided on this basis. The CODM has been identified as the Executive Committee.

 

The Group currently operates solely in the Republic of Ireland and therefore no geographically segmented financial information is provided.

 

Suburban

The Suburban segment is focussed primarily on high quality housing (with some low rise apartments) with demand coming from private buyers and institutions. Our core Suburban product is affordable and located in well serviced communities predominantly in the Greater Dublin Area and Cork.

 

Urban

Urban's strategic focus is developing apartments to deliver to institutional investors. The apartments are located primarily in Dublin and Cork, but also on sites adjacent to significant rail transportation hubs. Urban's strategy is to deliver the product to institutional investors through a forward sale, or forward fund transaction providing longer term earnings visibility.

 

Partnerships

A Partnership will typically involve the Government, local authorities, or state agencies contributing their land on a reduced cost, or phased basis into a development agreement with Glenveagh. Approximately 50% of the product is delivered back to the government or local authority via social and

affordable homes. This provides longer term access to both land and unit deliveries for the business and provides financial incentive by reducing risk from a sales perspective.

 

Segmental financial results

 

			2023	2022
			€'000	€'000
	Revenue
	Suburban		470,820	454,540
	Urban		120,122	190,166
	Partnerships		16,996	-
	Revenue for reportable segments		607,938	644,706

 

			2023	2022
			€'000	€'000
	Operating profit/(loss)
	Suburban		79,872	70,353
	Urban		12,367	21,532
	Partnerships		513	(1,565)
	Operating profit for reportable segments		92,752	90,320
	Reconciliation to results for the financial year
	Segment results - operating profit		92,752	90,320
	Finance expense		(15,839)	(7,094)
	Directors' remuneration		(3,488)	(3,402)
	Corporate function payroll costs		(5,871)	(6,081)
	Depreciation and amortisation		(2,449)	(2,081)
	Professional fees		(3,075)	(4,992)
	IT costs		(2,060)	(1,673)
	Share-based payment expense		(2,137)	(1,717)
	Profit on sale of property, plant and equipment		214	1,501
	Other corporate costs		(2,937)	(1,780)
	Profit before tax		55,110	63,001

    

Excluding profit on the sale of property, plant and equipment, there are no individual costs included within other corporate costs that is greater than the amounts listed in the above table.